1. The FORGENIUS genomic resources : new genotyping tools and genomic data for 23 forest tree species and their genetic conservation unitsSara Pinosio, Francesca Bagnoli, Camilla Avanzi, Maria Beatrice Castellani, Arcangela Frascella, Susan McEvoy, Sanna Olsson, Ilaria Spanu, Elia Vajana, Marko Bajc, Gregor Božič, Rok Damjanić, Natalija Dovč, Luka Krajnc, Marija Kravanja, Gal Oblišar, Gregor Skoberne, Marjana Westergren, 2026, original scientific article Abstract: Genetic diversity is a critical but often overlooked component of biological diversity. The European H2020 FORGENIUS project is aimed at increasing the quality and quantity of genetic data to start monitoring the European network of forest Genetic Conservation Units (GCUs). A first step in this direction was developing standardised genomic resources for 23 forest tree species, spanning from rare and scattered (e.g., Abies nebrodensis and Torminalis glaberrima) to widespread and stand-forming, economically relevant ones (e.g., Fagus sylvatica, Picea abies and Pinus sylvestris). Here, we describe the development and application of targeted genotyping tools, primarily based on Single Primer Enrichment Technology (SPET), along with existing SNP arrays for the selected species. The SPET panels developed in FORGENIUS were designed to capture ⁓10,000 loci per species, balancing species-specific and randomly distributed regions to ensure broad genome coverage and minimise ascertainment bias. Across 7220 genotyped trees, we identified over 1.8 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) covering approximately 50 Mb of DNA sequence. SPET panels demonstrated high genotyping efficiency and cross-species transferability, especially within genera such as Quercus and Abies. They represent a cost-effective, flexible, and scalable solution for population-level genetic assessments across diverse taxa, enabling standardised, genome-wide characterisation of the GCU network. These resources not only promote the establishment of genetic monitoring, support genetically informed conservation strategies and improve our understanding of adaptive responses in European forests, but also enhance species delimitation and hybrid detection, and enable the characterisation of phylogenetically related but previously underexplored species.
Keywords: forest tree species, genetic conservation units, genetic diversity, genetic monitoring, single primer enrichment technology, targetedgenotyping, SNP, SPET
Published in DiRROS: 06.03.2026; Views: 379; Downloads: 368
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2. Digitalizacija evidence delokrogov Laboratorija za fiziologijo in genetiko na Gozdarskem inštitutu SlovenijeDavid Debevc, Barbara Štupar, Veronika Končan, Marko Bajc, Nataša Šibanc, Rok Damjanić, 2026, treatise, preliminary study, study Keywords: eLAB, digitalizacija, laboratorij, fiziologija rastlin, genetika
Published in DiRROS: 19.02.2026; Views: 563; Downloads: 169
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3. Smernice za gozdni genetski monitoring velikega jesena (Fraxinus excelsior L.)Marjana Westergren, Marko Bajc, Rok Damjanić, Barbara Fussi, Dalibor Ballian, Andrej Breznikar, Darius Kavaliauskas, Peter Železnik, Hojka Kraigher, 2020, not set Keywords: gozdovi, genetski monitoring, gozdna genetika, veliki jesen, Fraxinus excelsior L.
Published in DiRROS: 13.02.2026; Views: 545; Downloads: 161
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4. Smernice za gozdni genetski monitoring evropskega črnega topola (Populus nigra L.)Gregor Božič, Sandor Bordacs, Berthold Heinze, Marko Bajc, Filipos Aravanopoulos, Dalibor Ballian, Rok Damjanić, Barbara Fussi, Darius Kavaliauskas, Zvonimir Vujnović, Marjana Westergren, Hojka Kraigher, 2020, other monographs and other completed works Keywords: gozdovi, genetski monitoring, gozdna genetika, evropski črni topol, Populus nigra L.
Published in DiRROS: 13.02.2026; Views: 544; Downloads: 168
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5. Smernice za gozdni genetski monitoring bele jelke (Abies alba MIll.) in Borisove jelke (Abies borisii-regis Mattf.)Darius Kavaliauskas, Barbara Fussi, Dalibor Ballian, Paraskevi Alizoti, Nikolaos Tourvas, Gregor Božič, Evangelos Barbas, Marjana Westergren, Marko Bajc, Rok Damjanić, Natalija Dovč, Filipos Aravanopoulos, Hojka Kraigher, 2020, other monographs and other completed works Keywords: gozdovi, genetski monitoring, gozdna genetika, bela jelka, Abies alba MIll., Borisova jelka, Abies borisii-regis Mattf.
Published in DiRROS: 13.02.2026; Views: 639; Downloads: 255
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6. Smernice za gozdni genetski monitoring doba (Quercus robur L.) in gradna (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl,)Kristina Sever, Andrej Breznikar, Marko Bajc, Filipos Aravanopoulos, Rok Damjanić, Barbara Fussi, Darius Kavaliauskas, Marjana Westergren, Hojka Kraigher, 2020, other monographs and other completed works Keywords: gozdovi, genetski monitoring, gozdna genetika, dob, Quercus robur L., graden, Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl
Published in DiRROS: 13.02.2026; Views: 577; Downloads: 150
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7. Smernice za gozdni genetski monitoring divje češnje (Prunus avium (L.) L.)Darius Kavaliauskas, Barbara Fussi, Filipos Aravanopoulos, Paraskevi Alizoti, Dalibor Ballian, Nikos Tourvas, Gregor Božič, Evangelos Barbas, Marjana Westergren, Marko Bajc, Rok Damjanić, Hojka Kraigher, 2020, other monographs and other completed works Keywords: gozdovi, genetski monitoring, gozdna genetika, divja češnja, Prunus avium (L.) L.
Published in DiRROS: 13.02.2026; Views: 636; Downloads: 137
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8. Smernice za gozdni genetski monitoring navadne bukve (Fagus sylvatica L.)Marjana Westergren, Darius Kavaliauskas, Paraskevi Alizoti, Marko Bajc, Filipos Aravanopoulos, Gregor Božič, Rok Damjanić, Natalija Dovč, Domen Finžgar, Barbara Fussi, Fotios Kiourtsis, Hojka Kraigher, 2020, other monographs and other completed works Keywords: gozdovi, genetski monitoring, gozdna genetika, navadna bukev, Fagus sylvatica L.
Published in DiRROS: 13.02.2026; Views: 571; Downloads: 168
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9. Smernice za gozdni genetski monitoring črnega bora (Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold)Paraskevi Alizoti, Darius Kavaliauskas, Barbara Fussi, Marjana Westergren, Marko Bajc, Filipos Aravanopoulos, Rok Damjanić, Hojka Kraigher, 2020, other monographs and other completed works Keywords: gozdovi, genetski monitoring, gozdna genetika, črni bor, Pinus nigra J. F. Arnold
Published in DiRROS: 13.02.2026; Views: 632; Downloads: 158
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10. Low but significant evolutionary potential for growth, phenology and reproduction traits in European beechMarjana Westergren, Juliette Archambeau, Marko Bajc, Rok Damjanić, Adélaïde Theraroz, Hojka Kraigher, Sylvie Oddou-Muratorio, Santiago C. González-Martínez, 2023, complete scientific database of research data Abstract: Local survival of forest tree populations under climate change depends on existing genetic variation and their adaptability to changing environments. Responses to selection were studied in European beech (Fagus sylvatica) under field conditions. A total of 1,087 adult trees, seeds, one-year-old seedlings, and established multiyear saplings were genotyped with 16 nuSSRs. Adult trees were assessed for phenotypic traits related to growth, phenology and reproduction. Parentage and paternity analyses were used to estimate effective female and male fecundity as a proxy of fitness and showed that few parents contributed to successful regeneration. Selection gradients were estimated from the relationship between traits and fecundity, while heritability and evolvability were estimated using mixed models and the breeder’s equation. Larger trees bearing more fruit and early male flowering had higher total fecundity, while trees with longer growth season had lower total fecundity (directional selection). Stabilising selection on spring phenology was found for female fecundity, highlighting the role of late frosts as a selection driver. Selection gradients for other traits varied between measurement years and the offspring cohort used to estimate parental fecundity. Compared to other studies in natural populations, we found low to moderate heritability and evolvability for most traits. Response to selection was higher for growth than for budburst, leaf senescence or reproduction traits, reflecting more consistent selection gradients across years and sex functions, and higher phenotypic variability in the population. Our study provides empirical evidence suggesting that populations of long-lived organisms such as forest trees can adapt locally, even at short-time scales.
Keywords: climate change, Fagus sylvatica, heritability, in situ adaptation, response to selection, selection gradients
Published in DiRROS: 10.09.2025; Views: 673; Downloads: 421
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