Search the repository

A+ | A- | | SLO | ENG

Abstract: Introduction: Resistive exercise combined with whole-body vibration (WBV) and short-arm human centrifugation is being considered as a countermeasure to mitigate muscle and bone loss in astronauts during prolonged space missions. WBV may provide exercise benefits or adverse effects on organs and the lower back. These effects may result from vibration transmitted throughout the body. The objective of this study was to compare vibration transmission (VT) from the ground to the body during resistance vibration exercise (RVE) comprising squat and calf raise performed on a rotational vibration plate. Specifically, we compared VT during RVE in the upright position (URVE) and on a short-arm human centrifuge (artificial gravity, AG) establishing a similar ground reaction force. The latter (AGRVE) is considered a potential countermeasure for microgravity-induced musculoskeletal deconditioning. Methods: Fifteen healthy males participated. They were assigned to two groups: one (n = 8) performed URVE at 20% of 1 repetition maximum (RM) squat; the other (n = 7) performed horizontal RVE during AG exposure (AGRVE), with a matching ground reaction force. Both groups were exposed to vibration at 20 Hz and 3–4 mm displacement (RMS value: 4 ± 0.14 g). VT was recorded during two sets of squats and calf raises. Three accelerometers recorded VT at: (i) the platform surface at the feet, (ii) lower back (L5), and (iii) forehead. Results: In both conditions, the lower limbs attenuated vibration transmission to the lower back (p < 0.0001). During AGRVE, both VT and pelvis octave-band RMS values were lower compared to URVE in both squat (p = 0.008 and p = 0.01) and calf raise (p = 0.007 and p = 0.01), suggesting potentially greater safety for the lower back. Conclusion: During RVE, whether in URVE or AGRVE, lower limbs effectively attenuated vibrations, resulting in negligible pelvic exposure. AGRVE may represent a safer alternative to URVE due to reduced transmission to the lower back and adjacent sensitive regions.
Keywords: simulator, vibration, vibration transmission, vibration exercise, resistance exercise, exercise, artificial gravity
Published in DiRROS: 28.01.2026; Views: 142; Downloads: 81
Full text (648,76 KB)
This document has many files! More...

Keywords: pigs breeds, swine, authentication, near-infrared spectroscopy, discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC), local breeds, near infrared spectroscopy, identification, vlassification
Published in DiRROS: 23.12.2025; Views: 203; Downloads: 110
Full text (172,14 KB)
This document has many files! More...

Abstract: The noble pen shell, Pinna nobilis, is an iconic marine bivalve endemic to the Mediterranean Sea, playing a key role as an ecosystem engineer. Over the past century, it has faced severe threats from overharvesting, pollution, and catastrophic mass mortality events. This study analysed 119 mitochondrial COI gene sequences from historical (1700s, 1920s, 1970s, 1990s) and modern (2000s) samples, including survivors of recent mass mortality crises. We standardised a protocol to extract DNA from ancient byssus samples over a century old and dated the emergence of the mitochondrial lineages of Pinna nobilis, uncovering its evolutionary history in unprecedented detail. Our findings suggest two main temporal origins for the species’ genetic variation: (i) a group of modern lineages directly descended from Pinna nobilis early ancestors originating 2.5 mya, and (ii) a large group derived from the first Pleistocene radiation of the species, approximately 1.5 mya. Importantly, our research depicts the evolutionary response of Pinna nobilis to three major challenges in the last century: human overexploitation, pollution, and environmental changes. Our results highlight the species’ remarkable resilience, likely mediated by Pleistocene genetic traits, whose persistence over time mainly depends on the maintaining of a high effective population size to ensure successful recruitment.
Keywords: noble pen shell, genetic variability, evolutionary response, species conservation
Published in DiRROS: 19.11.2025; Views: 452; Downloads: 211
Full text (1,98 MB)
This document has many files! More...

Keywords: pigs, autochthonous breed, fitness, heterozygosity-rich regions, runs of heterozygosity, Sus scrofa
Published in DiRROS: 18.08.2025; Views: 476; Downloads: 268
Full text (2,40 MB)
This document has many files! More...

Abstract: Contact urticaria (CoU) is an immediate contact reaction occurring within minutes to an hour after exposure to specific proteins or chemicals. CoU is categorised into non-immunologic (NI-CoU) and immunologic (I-CoU) types, with I-CoU potentially leading to anaphylaxis. Both forms of CoU can be associated with protein contact dermatitis and the CoU syndrome. Patients with I-CoU may also have other type I (immediate) allergic diseases, such as allergic conjunctivitis, rhinitis, asthma or food allergy. This review provides a detailed overview of CoU and related conditions, focusing on triggers, diagnostic methods and management strategies. NI-CoU is typically triggered by low molecular weight chemicals, while I-CoU involves IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to both high molecular weight proteins and low molecular weight chemicals. Early diagnosis is crucial, though CoU is often underrecognized. The diagnostic approach includes a thorough medical history, physical examination, evaluation of photographs, (non)invasive skin tests and in vitro assessments. Management strategies prioritise trigger avoidance and pharmacological treatments when avoidance is not fully possible. For I-CoU, second-generation H1-antihistamines are the first-line treatment. Severe cases of I-CoU may benefit from anti-IgE therapy (omalizumab). Patients at risk of anaphylaxis should carry an adrenaline auto-injector and wear a medical alert bracelet.
Keywords: inducible urticaria, occupational urticaria, protein contact dermatitis
Published in DiRROS: 09.07.2025; Views: 525; Downloads: 410
Full text (737,36 KB)
This document has many files! More...