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Abstract: Slovensko sredozemsko kmetijstvo (SSK) se sooča s številnimi izzivi, kot so podnebne spremembe, omejeni viri in razdrobljena podpora regiji. V okviru priprave strategije za SSK je bila kot ena ključnih rešitev prepoznana ustanovitev Mreže znanja za trajnostno slovensko sredozemsko kmetijstvo, ki bo povezovala raziskovalne in izobraževalne ustanove, svetovalne službe, kmete in druge deležnike. Mreža bo temeljila na treh stebrih sodelovanja (ciljni, raziskovalni in podporni steber) ter bo organizirana prek skupščine, upravnega odbora in operativnih teles po kmetijskih panogah. Posebno vlogo bo imel Kompetenčni center za oljkarstvo in mediteranske kulture v Plavjah (ZRS Koper) kot stičišče znanja in prenosa praks. Pomemben komunikacijski kanal bo Portal znanja (AKIS), ki bo omogočal dostop do rezultatov raziskav, učnih gradiv in priporočil za prakso. Mreža bo aktivna tudi pri promociji in sodelovanju na sejmih, dogodkih in v medijih, da se znanje in inovacije čim širše preneseta v prakso. Ključni mejnik projekta je bil dosežen s podpisom Pisma o nameri za ustanovitev mreže (8. 4. 2025), ki ga je podpisalo devet ustanovnih članov, kar je trdna osnova za nadaljnji razvoj mreže in trajnostni razvoj slovenskega sredozemskega kmetijstva.
Published in DiRROS: 08.05.2025; Views: 104; Downloads: 42
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Abstract: Insect pollination is one of the most important ecosystem services. Pollinator communities are rarely studied across years and crops in the same location. The aim of this study was to investigate the pollinator community structure on five different fruit crops, as well as the activity of different pollinator groups during the day and their temperature preferences. Pollinator activity was observed across two years on apple trees and blueberry, strawberry, blackcurrant and raspberry bushes. Pollinator community structure varied by plant and year. Honeybees were the most numerous pollinators on all plants except blueberry bushes (39-95% of visits). Bumblebee numbers were high on blackcurrant (up to 28%) and blueberry bushes (up to 61%). Solitary bees visited all plants except blueberries. Honeybees, solitary bees, and hoverflies were most active in the middle of the day, while bumblebees became active earlier in the morning and remained active later in the evening. Pollinators also differed greatly in their temperature preferences. This knowledge gained is necessary for less harmful pesticide application management and the development of more sustainable agriculture to maintain pollinator diversity and thus reliable pollination in extreme weather conditions.
Keywords: fruit pollination, agroecology, biodiversity, wild bees, conservation
Published in DiRROS: 04.03.2025; Views: 314; Downloads: 114
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Abstract: Background Research into the genetic diversity of honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) populations has become increasingly signifcant in recent decades, primarily due to population declines attributed to human activities and climate change. As a species of great importance, breeding programs that leverage understanding of genomic diversity could ofer solutions to mitigate these challenges. The objective of this study was to examine the genomic diversity and population structure of Carniolan honey bees (Apis mellifera carnica) using the Illumina SNP chip on a large honey bee sample collected from Central and South-Eastern European countries. The study also aims to ofer recommendations for future breeding programs
Keywords: honey bee, Carniolian honey bee, genomic diversity, diversity, population structure
Published in DiRROS: 02.12.2024; Views: 323; Downloads: 356
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Abstract: The complete mitochondrial genome of the Carniolan honeybee (Apis mellifera carnica) from Slovenia, a homeland of this subspecies, was acquired in two contigs from WGS data and annotated. The newly obtained mitochondrial genome is a circular closed loop of 16,447 bp. It comprises 37 genes (13 protein coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 rRNA genes) and an AT-rich control region. The order of the tRNA genes resembles the order characteristic of A. mellifera. The mitogenomic sequence of A. m. carnica from Slovenia contains 44 uniquely coded sites in comparison to the closely related subspecies A. m. ligustica and to A. m. carnica from Austria. Furthermore, 24 differences were recognised in comparison between A. m. carnica and A. m. ligustica subspecies. Among them, there are three SNPs that affect translation in the nd2, nd4, and cox2 genes, respectively. The phylogenetic placement of A. m. carnica from Slovenia within C lineage deviates from the expected position and changes the perspective on relationship between C and O lineages. The results of this study represent a valuable addition to the information available in the phylogenomic studies of A. mellifera—a pollinator species of worldwide importance. Such genomic information is essential for this local subspecies’ conservation and preservation as well as its breeding and selection.
Keywords: western honeybee, Apis mellifera carnica, mitochondrial genome, phylogeny, C lineage, annotation, whole genome sequencing, protection, conservation
Published in DiRROS: 06.09.2022; Views: 1523; Downloads: 393
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Keywords: honeybees, lithium, lithium contamination, varroa, varroa control, food chain coupling
Published in DiRROS: 16.06.2020; Views: 2862; Downloads: 1357
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