1. Raziskave ekološkega stanja Prvega (Jezero pod Vršacem), Petega in Šestega (Dvojno jezero) Triglavskega jezera : končno poročiloNataša Mori, Žiga Ogorelec, Annasibila Požrl, David Stanković, Tina Eleršek, Nika Tivadar, Mojca Vek, Tatjana Simčič, Andrej Kapla, Matjaž Bedjanič, final research report Abstract: V poročilu so predstavljeni rezultati ekološke raziskave Prvega (Jezero pod Vršacem), Petega in Šestega (Dvojno jezero) Triglavskega jezera v dolini Sedmerih Triglavskih jezer. Prvo jezero je najbolj severno ležeče jezero v dolini, ki ima dva stalna pritoka iz dveh potočkov ter je bilo pred letom 1994 tudi poleti popolnoma ali delno prekrito z ledom, snegom in plundro. Po letu 1994 je jezero poleti večinoma brez snega in ledu. Dvojno Triglavsko jezero je bilo od leta 1991 naseljeno z ribami, kar je korenito spremenilo lastnosti obeh jezer, obenem sta jezera tudi pod vplivom planinske koče pri Triglavskih jezerih, ki se nahaja med Močivcem in Petim jezerom. Med letom 2020 in 2023 je, v okviru projekta Vrh Julijcev (Izboljšanje stanja vrst in habitatnih tipov Triglavskem narodnem parku), katerega vodilni partner je JZ Triglavski Nacionalni Park, potekal intenziven izlov rib in druge aktivnosti, kot je odstranjevanje makrofitov. Raziskavo v takšni obliki in obsegu smo izvedli prvič jeseni 2023, nato pa jo ponovili v septembru leta 2024 in 2025. Na terenu smo izmerili fizikalne, kemijske in izbrane biološke parametre jezer, odvzeli vzorce za kemijske analize vode, vzorce zooplanktona, fitoplanktona, fitobentosa (perifitona) ter bentoških nevretenčarjev, popisali prisotnost makrofitov in dvoživk ter rezultate primerjali s preteklimi podatki, pogledali dolgoročne trende in ovrednotili ekološko stanje vseh treh jezer. Raziskava v letu 2025 je nadaljevanje večletnega spremljanja stanja jezer, povzetega v poročilih pripravljenih s strani Nacionalnega Inštituta za biologijo za Triglavski nacionalni park od leta 2019 do leta 2024, hkrati pa tudi nadaljevanje raziskav, ki so se pričele v letu 1989 pod vodstvom biologov z Oddelka za biologijo Univerze Edvarda Kardelja in Inštituta za biologijo ter nadaljevale v 90. letih prejšnjega stoletja in prvem in drugem desetletju tega stoletja pod vodstvom prof. dr. Antona Branclja z Nacionalnega inštituta za biologijo. Prvo jezero je glede na izmerjene parametre v primerjavi z leti 2023 in 2024 ostalo v podobnem stanju z manjšimi odstopanji. Koncentracija klorofila a na gladini se je v Prvem jezeru po enem letu povišala, prav tako tudi koncentracija skupnega dušika na gladini, medtem ko je koncentracija skupnega dušika na dnu malenkost upadla, v primerjavi z letom 2023 pa so vrednosti še vedno nižje. Glede na leti 2023 in 2024 se je koncentracija skupnega fosforja znižala. Dodatne analize izvirov, ki se stekata v jezero so pokazale višje vrednoti nitratov v vzorcih iz izvirov kot v jezeru. Dno jezera tudi letos preraščajo nitaste zelene alge in lasastolistna vodna zlatica. V Petem jezeru se je kemijsko stanje v primerjavi z lanskim letom precej poslabšalo. Nasičenost s kisikom je po štirih letih ponovno padla pod 100% (dno), v primerjavi z leti 2023 in 2024 pa so analize pokazale tudi povišanje koncentracije klorofila a ter skupnega dušika. Presenetljivo pa je, da smo pri Šestem jezeru zaznali pozitivne spremembe, analize klorofila a so pokazale rekordno nizke vrednosti, prav tako analiza skupnega fosforja ter dušika, katerih koncentracija v Šestem jezeru z leti ves čas upada. Dno Dvojnega jezera še vedno povsem preraščajo nitaste zelene alge. Glede na vse zaznane spremembe se predlaga nadaljnje spremljanje stanja.
Keywords: visokogorska jezera, ekološko stanje, trofični indeks, kemični in biološki parametri, Dolina Sedmerih Triglavskih jezer, kemijska analiza vode, zooplankton
Published in DiRROS: 09.07.2026; Views: 264; Downloads: 2 |
2. Raziskave ekološkega stanja Prvega (Jezero pod Vršacem), Petega in Šestega (Dvojno jezero) Triglavskega jezera : končno poročiloŽiga Ogorelec, Nataša Mori, David Stanković, Tina Eleršek, Maruša Kerenčič, Gaber Gabrovšek, Tatjana Simčič, final research report Abstract: Sredi septembra 2024 se je izvedlo ekološke raziskave treh Triglavskih jezer. Raziskalo se je 1. jezero (Jezero pod Vršacem), v katerem je bilo v zadnjih letih opaženo močno zaraščanje z makrofiti, v letu 2023 pa je jezero imelo tudi povišane koncentracije klorofila a. Predmet raziskav je bilo tudi 5. in 6. oz. Dvojno jezero, na katerem je od 2020 do 2023 potekal intenziven izlov rib in druge aktivnosti projekta Vrh Julijcev. Analiziralo se je fizikalne, kemične in biološke parametre jezer, rezultate primerjalo s preteklimi podatki in tako ocenilo ekološko stanje in trende vseh treh jezer. Raziskave so bile nadaljevanje mnogoletnega monitoringa jezer, povzetega v lanskem poročilu (Raziskave o ekološkem stanju Prvega (Jezero pod Vršacem), Četrtega (Jezero v Ledvicah), Petega in Šestega (Dvojno jezero) ter Sedmega (Črno jezero) Triglavskega jezera). Glede na pretekle raziskave se je stanje v obdobju od 2011 do 2023 v 1. jezeru močno poslabšalo. Koncentracije klorofila a v vodnem stolpcu so izrazito narastle, jezersko dno pa so začeli preraščati makrofiti. V letu 2024 pa je bila koncentracija klorofila že precej nižja kot leto pred tem in kemijsko stanje boljše. Makrofiti v 1. jezeru pa se še vedno širijo in postopoma vse bolj preraščajo jezersko dno. Pri Dvojnem jezeru pa so bile letos opazne izboljšave ekološkega stanja. Že v preteklih letih je bil trend manjših izboljšav pri številnih kemijskih in bioloških parametrih. Izboljšava slednjih pa je bila letos še posebno izrazita pri 5. jezeru. Obe jezeri sta sicer še vedno močno prerastlo z nitastimi algami, zato se predlaga dokončen izlov rib za povrnitev v naravno oz. prvotno ekološko stanje jezera.
Keywords: visokogorska jezera, ekološko stanje, trofični indeks, kemični in biološki parametri, Dolina Sedmerih Triglavskih jezer, kemijska analiza vode, zooplankton
Published in DiRROS: 09.07.2026; Views: 253; Downloads: 3 |
3. Environmental DNA Metabarcoding of Cephalopod Diversity in the Tyrrhenian Deep Sea : version v 1.0Martina La Torre, Alex Cussigh, Valentina Crobe, Martina Spiga, Alice Ferrari, Alessia Cariani, Federica Piattoni, Federica Costantini, Silvia Franzellitti, Alberto Pallavicini, David Stanković, Sergio Stefanni, 2025, research data Abstract: This dataset contains the raw demultiplexed reads of the study "Environmental Metabarcoding of Cephalopod Diversity in the Tyrrhenian Deep Sea". eDNA was extracted from water (wat) and sediment (sed) matrices, amplified with Ceph18S primers that specifically target cephalopods (de Jonge et al. 2021), and sequenced on IonTorrent platform. The names of the files indicate the sampling station (ST1, ST4, ST5, ST6), the replicate number (R1, R2), and the environmental matrix (wat, sed).
Keywords: eDNA metabarcoding, cephalopod assemblages, deep-sea biodiversity, Dohrn canyo, environmental matrices, reference databases, Tyrrhenian deep sea, Mediterranean deep sea
Published in DiRROS: 08.05.2026; Views: 368; Downloads: 436
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6. Five hidden species in a widespread European vertebrate : disentangling the alpine newt cryptic species complex through genomic phylogeographyStephanie Koster, Anagnostis Theodoropoulos, Wouter Beukema, Johanna Ambu, Wiesław Babik, Daniele Canestrelli, David Stanković, 2026, original scientific article Abstract: Through genomic phylogeography, previously unrecognised biodiversity can be revealed. The alpine newt serves as a case in point: this taxon carries highly distinct mtDNA clades and has a severely fragmented range. We obtain genome-wide data with target enrichment by sequence capture to delineate cryptic species and disentangle their phylogenetic relationships. Furthermore, we explore potential niche divergence and glaciation-driven distribution dynamics. On the basis of the uncovered genetic structure, we distinguish five main groups that we propose should be treated as distinct species. Limited interspecific genetic admixture often occurs away from current contact zones between these species, in line with a scenario of current range reduction, compared to the Last Glacial Maximum. A decline in suitable habitat also explains the fragmented nature of current species ranges. We uncover pronounced mito-nuclear discordance. We show that an ancient mtDNA lineage endemic to the Vlasina Plateau on the border between Serbia and Bulgaria, previously interpreted to be a ‘ghost lineage’, in fact represents a distinct species. However, it is nested considerably deeper inside the alpine newt species complex than mtDNA suggests. Our study illustrates how genomic phylogeography allows intricate evolutionary histories to be untangled.
Keywords: ghost lineage, hybridisation, Mesotriton alpestris, speciation, target sequence capture, taxonomy
Published in DiRROS: 24.03.2026; Views: 457; Downloads: 390
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7. An unintended conservation success : genetic integrity of translocated Ohrid trout (Salmo letnica) in an artificial reservoirAleš Snoj, Tijana Veličković, David Stanković, Radek Šanda, Đorđe Gajić, Saša Marić, 2026, original scientific article Abstract: The Ohrid trout (Salmo letnica), an endangered salmonid endemic to Lake Ohrid, has repeatedly failed to establish viable populations when introduced outside its native range. A rare exception occurs in Lisina Reservoir, Serbia, where introductions in the late 1970s and 1980s produced a persistent population. Using mitochondrial control region sequences and 12 nuclear microsatellite loci, we tested whether trout resembling S. letnica in Lisina indeed originate from Lake Ohrid, evaluated their genetic similarity to it, and assessed potential hybridization with co-occurring Macedonian trout (Salmo macedonicus) and Atlantic brown trout (Salmo trutta). All analyses confirmed that the Lisina fish belong to S. letnica. A previously unrecorded Ohrid lineage haplotype was detected, likely reflecting stochastic capture during translocation. Microsatellite data revealed modest but significant differentiation between Lisina and Ohrid populations, consistent with a founder effect and subsequent drift. Despite syntopy with co-occurring trout, no introgression into Lisina S. letnica was observed, indicating strong reproductive isolation. The persistence of a genetically distinct and unadmixed S. letnica population outside Lake Ohrid represents an unintended conservation success. While this does not serve as a general endorsement of species translocations, Lisina population could provide a backup resource for future restoration of the declining native Ohrid trout.
Keywords: ex situ conservation, introgression, population structure, translocated populations, syntopy
Published in DiRROS: 19.03.2026; Views: 410; Downloads: 197
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8. The position, shape and dynamics of the hybrid zone between the Danube and Italian crested newt based on genome-wide data, with a cautionary tale on the discovery of a ‘distinct’ mtDNA lineageArilah J. Van Eden, Anagnostis Theodoropoulos, Jan W. Arntzen, Janis Czurda, Róbert Dankovics, Krisztián Harmos, David Stanković, Mojca Vek, 2026, original scientific article Abstract: When species that are reproductively incompletely isolated meet in parapatry and reproduce, a hybrid zone is established. The strength of reproductive isolation between these species and the dynamics of their ranges can be inferred from the extent and direction of gene flow across the hybrid zone. We determine the position, shape and dynamics of the relatively poorly studied hybrid zone between the Danube (Triturus dobrogicus) and Italian (T. carnifex) crested newts, using genome-wide nuclear DNA data (24 species-diagnostic SNPs) and an mtDNA marker (ND4). Overall, the hybrid zone is narrow, signifying strong selection against hybrids. In the north of the hybrid zone, asymmetric introgression of T. dobrogicus alleles into T. carnifex indicates postglacial expansion by T. carnifex. We also report a highly distinct haplotype lineage that presumably reflects ‘cryptic pseudogenes’; while the relevant sequences do not bear the hallmarks of a pseudogene, their apparent distinctiveness is not supported by an independent mtDNA marker (ND2).
Keywords: geographical cline analysis, KASP genotyping, mitochondrial DNA, nuclear DNA, pseudogene, Triturus
Published in DiRROS: 24.02.2026; Views: 800; Downloads: 338
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