1. Nutrihealth study : seasonal variation in vitamin D status among the Slovenian adult and elderly populationMaša Hribar, Hristo Hristov, Matej Gregorič, Urška Blaznik, Katja Zaletel, Adrijana Oblak, Joško Osredkar, Anita Kušar, Katja Žmitek, Irena Rogelj, Igor Pravst, 2020, original scientific article Keywords: 25(OH)vitamin D, biomarkers, dietary survey, public health, EU Menu, Slovenia, Europe
Published in DiRROS: 18.11.2025; Views: 239; Downloads: 145
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2. Dietary intake of folate and assessment of the folate deficiency prevalence in Slovenia using serum biomarkersIgor Pravst, Živa Lavriša, Maša Hribar, Hristo Hristov, Naska Kvarantan, Barbara Koroušić-Seljak, Matej Gregorič, Urška Blaznik, Nadan Gregorič, Katja Zaletel, Adrijana Oblak, Joško Osredkar, Katja Žmitek, Anita Kušar, 2021, original scientific article Published in DiRROS: 12.11.2025; Views: 219; Downloads: 114
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3. Dietary iron intake and biomarkers of iron status in Slovenian population : results of SI.Menu/nutrihealth studyŽiva Lavriša, Hristo Hristov, Maša Hribar, Barbara Koroušić-Seljak, Matej Gregorič, Urška Blaznik, Katja Zaletel, Adrijana Oblak, Joško Osredkar, Anita Kušar, Katja Žmitek, Mitja Lainščak, Igor Pravst, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Inadequate iron intake and iron deficiency are recognised as a public health problem in the population at large, and particularly in specific subpopulations. Dietary iron intake was analysed using data of the national Slovenian food consumption study, SI.Menu (n = 1248 subjects; 10–74 years), while iron status was evaluated with laboratory analyses of blood haemoglobin, serum ferritin, and iron concentration in samples, collected in the Nutrihealth study (n = 280, adults). The estimated daily usual population-weighted mean iron intakes ranged from 16.0 mg in adults and the elderly to 16.7 in adolescents, and were lower in females for all three age groups. The main dietary iron sources in all the age groups were bread and bakery products, meat (products), fruit, and vegetables. The highest prevalence of haemoglobin anaemia was observed in females aged 51–64 years (6.7%). Critically depleted iron stores (ferritin concentration < 15 µg/L) were particularly found in premenopausal females (10.1%). Factors influencing low haemoglobin, ferritin, and iron intake were also investigated. We observed significant correlations between iron status with meat and fish intake, and with iron intake from meat and fish, but not with total iron intake. We can conclude that particularly premenopausal females are the most fragile population in terms of inadequate iron intake and iron deficiency, which should be considered in future research and public health strategies.
Keywords: iron, intake, ferritin, haemoglobin, deficiency, EU Menu, Nutrihealth
Published in DiRROS: 11.11.2025; Views: 255; Downloads: 119
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4. Dietary intake and status of vitamin B12 in Slovenian populationŽiva Lavriša, Hristo Hristov, Maša Hribar, Katja Žmitek, Anita Kušar, Barbara Koroušić-Seljak, Matej Gregorič, Urška Blaznik, Nadan Gregorič, Katja Zaletel, Adrijana Oblak, Joško Osredkar, Igor Pravst, 2022, original scientific article Abstract: Vitamin B12 deficiency poses a health concern, especially in vulnerable populations. Dietary vitamin B12 intake was obtained by two 24 h dietary recalls and food propensity questionnaires in a representative Slovenian cross-sectional food consumption survey, SI.Menu (n = 1248 subjects; 10–74 years). For a subgroup of 280 participants, data on serum vitamin B12 were available through the Nutrihealth study. The estimated usual population-weighted mean daily vitamin B12 intakes were 6.2 µg (adults), 5.4 µg (adolescents), and 5.0 µg (elderly). Lower intakes were observed in females. Inadequate daily vitamin B12 intake (<4 µg) was detected in 37.3% of adolescents, 31.7% of adults, and 58.3% elderlies. The significant predictors for inadequate daily vitamin B12 intake were physical activity score in all age groups, sex in adolescents and adults, financial status and smoking in elderly, and employment in adults. Meat (products), followed by milk (products), made the highest vitamin B12 contribution in all age groups. In adolescents, another important vitamin B12 contributor was cereals. The mean population-weighted serum vitamin B12 levels were 322.1 pmol/L (adults) and 287.3 pmol/L (elderly). Low serum vitamin B12 concentration (<148 nmol/L) and high serum homocysteine (>15 µmol/L) were used as criteria for vitamin B12 deficiency. The highest deficiency prevalence was found in elderlies (7.0%), particularly in males (7.9%). Factors associated with high serum homocysteine were also investigated. In conclusion, although vitamin B12 status was generally not critical, additional attention should be focused particularly to the elderly.
Keywords: vitamin B12, deficiency, homocysteine, folate, EU menu
Published in DiRROS: 11.11.2025; Views: 178; Downloads: 110
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5. Twenty-four hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion in adult population of Slovenia : results of the Manjsoli.si/2022 studySaša Kugler, Urška Blaznik, Maruša Rehberger, Metka Zaletel, Aleš Korošec, Matej Somrak, Adrijana Oblak, Igor Pravst, Maša Hribar, Anita Kušar, Jana Brguljan, Simona Gaberšček, Katja Zaletel, Ivan Eržen, 2024, original scientific article Keywords: 24-h urine, potassium, potassium intake, salt intake, sodium
Published in DiRROS: 10.11.2025; Views: 230; Downloads: 91
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6. Interpreting urinary iodine concentration : effects of urine dilution and collection timingAdrijana Oblak, Maša Hribar, Hristo Hristov, Matej Gregorič, Urška Blaznik, Joško Osredkar, Anita Kušar, Katja Žmitek, Živa Lavriša, Tjaša Zaletel, Blaž Krhin, Igor Pravst, Simona Gaberšček, Katja Zaletel, 2024, original scientific article Abstract: OBJECTIVES: In population studies, iodine intake estimation relies on median urinary iodine concentration (UIC). However, interpreting UIC measurements can be challenging. METHODS: In our study, we included 772 adult participants from three groups: nationally representative gender-mixed, women of reproductive age, and pregnant women. We measured UIC and urinary creatinine (U-Cr) to calculate the iodine-to- creatinine ratio (I/Cr). U-Cr cut-off value of 0.226 g/L was used for differentiation between diluted and undiluted urine samples. After excluding samples below this cut-off, new median UIC and I/Cr ratios were calculated. We additionally evaluated the influence of urine sample collection time on UIC. RESULTS: Median UICs were 91.8 μg/L for nationally representative group, 58.3 μg/L for women of reproductive age, and 74.9 μg/L for pregnant women, while I/Cr ratios were 91.7, 102.0, and 159.2 μg/g, respectively. After implementing U-Cr cut-off and excluding all data where U-Cr was below cut-off, new median values were 93.4, 76.3, and 95.4 μg/L for UICs, and 88.6, 88.8, and 128.7 μg/g for I/Cr ratios, respectively. In women of reproductive age, median UIC was significantly lower in urine samples collected after 9:30 and after 12:00 as compared to samples collected before 9.30 (53.4, 57.8, and 97.3 μg/L, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: UIC results should be interpreted with caution, considering urine dilution and sample collection timing. U-Cr measurement should be included in population-based iodine intake studies, with corrections applied especially for pregnant women and younger adults, for whom morning is best for single-spot samples.
Keywords: urine dilution, urinary iodine concentration
Published in DiRROS: 07.11.2025; Views: 362; Downloads: 120
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