20.500.12556/DiRROS-7680 Anatomija lesa za loke godal Anatomy of wood for bows of string instruments V goslarski delavnici "Atelje Demšar" smo dobili štiri vzorce lesa za godalne loke tujih dobaviteljev, ki so jih označili z imeni (1) pernambuk, (2) konjskomeso, (3) brazil in (4) kačji les. Les smo anatomsko preiskali ter določili vrste: (1) Guilandina echinata (pernambuk, pau brazil, brazil), (2) Manilkara bidentata (massaranduba, konjsko meso), (3) Shorea laevis (balau, bangkirai), (4) Brosimum guianense syn. Piratinera guianensis (Schlangenholz, snakewood, kačji les). Identifikacija je v treh (1, 2 in 4) od štirih primerovpotrdila lesno vrsto, kot jo je navedel dobavitelj lesa. Preiskane lesne vrste pernambuk, konjsko meso in kačji les (1, 2 in 4) iz južne Amerike imajo skupne naslednje lastnosti: fino teksturo, temno obarvano jedrovino, dekorativen videz, visoko gostoto, visoko trdnost, dobro dimenzijsko stabilnost in dobre obdelavnostne lastnosti, posebno struženje in površinsko obdelavo. Vse so zelo cenjene za godalne loke, za najboljšega pa velja les pernambuka. Les balau iz Azije ima slabše lastnosti in ni tipična lesna vrsta za loke. Razlike v zgradbi lesa preiskanih vrst so najverjetneje vzrok za razlike v kvaliteti končnega izdelka. Podajamo opis izdelave lesenega loka, opis lesnih lastnosti in pomen pravilne identifikacije in poimenovanja lesa. Four specimens of wood originating from string instrument bows or from the material intended to be used for the repair of bows were obtained from the string instrument workshop "Atelje Demšar". Foreign wood traders supplied the specimens under their commercial names: (1) pernambouc, (2) horse flesh, (3) brasil, and (4) snakewood. Macroscopic and microscopic wood anatomical investigations were carried out in order to verify the nomenclature of the traded specimens. The microscopic identification provided the following results: (1) Guilandina echinata (pernambouc, pau brazil, brazil), (2) Manilkara bidentata (massaranduba, horse flesh), (3) Shorea laevis (yellow balau, bangkirai), and (4) Brosimum guianense syn. Piratinera guianensis (snakewood). In three cases (1, 2 and 4), the trade names of the provided bow specimens were confirmed by wood anatomical identifications. In case 3, the wood anatomical features fully corresponded to timbers of the botanical species Shorea laevis (yellow balau, bangkirai) from Indomalaysia and not to Guilandina echinata or Caesalpinia spp. from South America. The identified wood species (1, 2 and 4) from South America are characterised by the following properties: fine and decorative texture, high density, good mechanical properties, brown or red coloured heartwood, good working properties (machinability and coating), and good dimensional stability. They are highly appreciated for string instrument bows. Among them, the wood of pernambouc is most valued. The wood of yellow balau, which is distinguished byinferior properties (e.g. excessive shrinkage), is not a typical wood for instrument bows. The fabrication of the bows, the properties of the investigated species and the importance of proper wood identification are presented as well. godalni lok pernambuk Guilandina echinata syn. Caesalpina echinata massaranduba syn. konjsko meso Manilkara bidentata kačji les Brosimum guianense syn. Piratinera guianensis balau Shorea laevis anatomija lesa string instrument bow pernambouc massaranduba snakewood balau wood anatomy true false true Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Znanstveno delo 2017-07-12 09:18:57 2017-07-12 09:18:57 2022-08-12 14:12:17 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2007 0 0 str. 23-33 Vol. 83 2007 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 630*81:630*83(045)=163.6 0351-3114 URN:NBN:SI:doc-25EF7QQM 1960870 6206978 RAZ_Cufar_Katarina_i2007.pdf RAZ_Cufar_Katarina_i2007.pdf 1 CCD44E55FAA33A6C8DE47BBDBA282457 6b0beffd477c45c3f03b6d04e06bff3d5ccb8fafaa8b9c9cae701f30aea63408 22474ee1-17b5-11ed-b6b8-001a4af901a5 20.500.12556/dirros/83853204-fb9a-46c8-861c-9b3cf8358f53 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=9545 Gozdarski inštitut Slovenije Acta Silvae et Ligni 0 0 0