20.500.12556/DiRROS-7604 Efficiency of group work in harvesting mountainous broadleaf thinning stands Proizvodnost in stroški dela pri redčenju gorskih sestojev listavcev Group work was researched for felling, processing, skidding and quality inspection activities in mountainous broadleaf thinning stands with approximately the same terrain and stand conditions. The stands were 55 and 70years old. In the forest communities of the mountainous beech forest with dead nettle (Lamio orvale - Fagetum sylvaticae/Ht. 1938) and the forests of the sessile oak and horn beam with beech (Epimedio - Carpinetum betuli var. Fagus sylvatica/Ht. 1938/Borth.1963), the main tree species are beech and sessile oak with the addition of other broadleaf species. Productivity was examined in two groups. The first comprised of five workers (A) and the secondof four workers (B). The first group was equipped with two tractors and three chain saws while the second used two tractors and two chain saws as wellas other necessary equipment. The effective time of the cutters spent on felling ranged from 36 to 42.9%, finishing and measurement took up 21%, while the effective time for the tractors ranged from 42.4 to 59%. The effective time per tree ranged from 3.62 to 3.77 minutes, i.e. from 8.46 min/m3 to 12.91min/m3 per unit. The daily output achieved by the Ecotrac and Torpedo tractors at a distance of 300 meters was 20.77.m3/day for group A, while the optimised output was 67.02 m3/day. The output achieved by both tractors in group B was 17.25 m3/day while the optimised output was 30.72 m3/day. The average performance per worker in group A was 4.15.m3/day while the optimised performance was 8.38 m3/day. For group B the average performance per worker was 4.31.m3/day and the optimised performance was 7.68 m3/day. The optimisation of the groups lowered the unit cost of production (300 m distance) for group A from 21.36 EUR/m3 to 6.62 EUR/m3, and for group B from 22.09 EUR/m3 to 12.41 EUR/m3. V raziskavi skupinskega dela v gozdarstvu smo se osredotočili na posek, izdelavo sortimentov, spravilo in nadzor kakovosti pri redčenju gorskih sestojev listavcev, ki rastejo na približno enakem terenu in v primerljivih sestojnih pogojih. Raziskava je bila opravljena v sestojih, starih 55 in 70 let. V gozdnih združbah gorskega bukovja z velecvetno mrtvo koprivo (Lamio orvale - Fagetum sylvaticae/Ht. 1938) in gozdovih gradna in navadnega gabra ter bukve (Epimedio - Carpinetum betuli var. Fagus sylvatica/Ht. 1938/Borth.1963), prevladujeta bukev in hrast ter druge drevesne vrste listavcev. Produktivnost smo preučevali na podlagi dela dveh skupin. Prvo skupino je sestavljalo pet delavcev (A), drugo skupino pa štirje delavci (B). Prva skupina je bila opremljena z dvema traktorjema in tremi motornimi žagami,druga skupina je uporabljala dva traktorja in dve motorni žagi ter drugo potrebno opremo. Efektivni delovni čas, ki so ga sekači porabili za posek dreves, je bil med 36 % in 42.9 %, dodelava in merjenje zavzemata 21 % časa na delovišču, traktorji pa so na delovišču efektivno delali med 42.9 in 59 %. Efektivni čas na drevo je bil od 3.62 do 3.77 minut, to je od 8.46 min/m3 do 12.91 min/m3 na enoto proizvoda. Dnevni učinek, ki so ga traktorji Ecotrac in Torpedo dosegli pri spravilni razdalji 300 metrov, je bil 20.77 m3/dan na delovišču A, optimizirani učinek pa 67.02 m3/dan. Dnevni učinek obehtraktorjev skupine B je bil 17.25 m3/dan, optimizirani učinek pa je znašal30.72 m3/dan. Povprečni doseženi učinek posameznega delavca v skupini A je bil 4.15 m3/dan, optimizirani učinek pa 8.38 m3/dan. V skupini B je povprečni delovni učinek posameznega delavca znašal 4.31 m3/dan, optimizirani učinek pa 7.68 m3/dan. Z optimizacijo skupin so se stroški proizvodnje na enoto (na razdalji 300 m) zmanjšali z 21.36 EUR/m3 na 6.62 EUR/m3 za skupino Ater z 22.09 EUR/m3 na 12.41 EUR/m3 za skupino B. group work thinnings time study productivity costs skupinsko delo redčenje časovna študija stroški true false true Angleški jezik Angleški jezik Znanstveno delo 2017-07-12 09:18:32 2017-07-12 09:18:32 2022-08-12 14:05:46 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2004 0 0 str. 41-57 Vol. 74 2004 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 630*305:31/2(045)=20 0351-3114 URN:NBN:SI:doc-9XY2JJR7 1324454 6206978 RAZ_Zecic_Zeljko_i2004.pdf RAZ_Zecic_Zeljko_i2004.pdf 1 EF2E00890C5139722FE984526518EE1C 3ec48f301abba59bf8f6a06463202966f2fe90a712303e327407189133588084 1cc8b1f1-17b5-11ed-b6b8-001a4af901a5 20.500.12556/dirros/56f8d1e8-bbd6-4e87-80bc-5148768f2498 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=9471 Gozdarski inštitut Slovenije Acta Silvae et Ligni 0 0 0