20.500.12556/DiRROS-32340 Incretin-based therapies, obesity-associated inflammation, and atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of mortality despite major advances in lipid lowering and risk-factor control, highlighting the importance of residual cardiovascular risk. Inflammation is a central driver of atherosclerosis, while obesity promotes chronic low-grade inflammation, adipose tissue dysfunction, ectopic fat accumulation, and vascular injury. This narrative review focuses on obesity-associated inflammation as an upstream contributor to residual atherosclerotic risk and evaluates whether incretin-based therapies modify this pathway through weight loss, metabolic improvement, and additional inflammatory or vascular mechanisms. Data from mechanistic studies, biomarker analyses, vascular imaging studies, and cardiovascular outcome trials are reviewed. Anti-inflammatory trials support inflammation as a modifiable therapeutic pathway, although clinical benefit depends on the therapeutic target, timing, and patient selection. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists reduce inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers and show anti-atherosclerotic effects in experimental models, but human vascular imaging data remain inconclusive. Cardiovascular outcome trials establish benefit with several GLP-1 receptor agonists, including semaglutide in selected patients with overweight or obesity without diabetes. However, direct human evidence for receptor-mediated anti-inflammatory or anti-atherosclerotic effects remains limited, and the relative contributions of weight loss, metabolic improvement, and additional mechanisms remain uncertain. atherosclerosis inflammation residual inflammatory risk obesity glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists semaglutide tirzepatide incretin-based therapy cardiovascular prevention adipose tissue inflammation ateroskleroza vnetje debelost true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Neznano 2026-09-07 13:21:15 2026-09-07 13:21:16 2026-09-08 04:27:00 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Opis vira z dne 7. 9. 2026; str. 1-20 iss. 14, [article no.] 1293 Vol. 15 2026 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 616.1 2073-4409 10.3390/cells15141293 290234627 RAZ_Kafol_Jan_2026.pdf RAZ_Kafol_Jan_2026.pdf 1 1E3433C3B9EF0AB00BCE967B4B792E5C da7ceaeda051a6e74eb0dfc9ae1f051b9efa89584df9714deea32cb53c5bfaf1 59ce3db6-aaae-11f1-9741-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=50563 https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/15/14/1293 1 47639375-aaae-11f1-9741-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=50562 Univerzitetni klinični center Ljubljana 0 0 0