20.500.12556/DiRROS-31866 Production of cold-bonded artificial lightweight aggregates from industrial waste via double-step pelletization feasibility and surface treatment effects Recently, the use of recycled materials in the construction and building sector has gained global attention for promoting sustainability. For this purpose, eco-friendly lightweight artificial aggregates (LWA) are a suitable alternative to natural aggregates. Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI-FA) (75 wt%, 65 wt%, 55 wt%), marble sludge (MS) (15 wt%, 25 wt%, 35 wt%), and ordinary Portland cement (OPC) (10 wt%) as a binder were used to prepare various mixtures of LWA through the cold bonding pelletization (CBP) process. Before pelletization, the MSWI-FA was pre-treated via a two-step washing with water, which significantly reduced the chloride and sulfate content. To enhance the performance of the aggregates, they were surface treated with a mixture of ground 50% granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), 20% silica fume (SF), and 30% OPC via CBP, and these aggregates were named double bonded. Overall, the apparent density of the aggregates ranged from 1.71 to 2.04 g/cm3, while water absorption ranged from 12.87% to 17.12%, and mechanical strength was observed in the range of 1.05 to 2.1 MPa. The DBAs showed improved performance compared to the SBAs. XRD analysis showed the formation of hydration products with poor crystallinity or amorphous structure, as confirmed by FTIR and TG analysis. Leaching analysis showed that most hazardous elements were successfully solidified/stabilized within the aggregate matrix. However, Mo and Sb concentrations exceeded the limits for non-hazardous waste, indicating the need for further optimization of the mixture composition and processing parameters to improve their immobilization. lightweight aggregates artificial aggregates cold-bonded pelletization municipal solid waste incineration ash lahki agregati umetni agregati hladno vezana peletizacija pepel iz sežiga komunalnih odpadkov true false false Elsevier Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Neznano 2026-08-13 13:32:22 2026-08-13 13:59:06 2026-08-14 03:48:13 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 str. 31723-31737 issue 17 Vol. 52 Apr. 2026 0000-00-00 PostprintKoncna Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 2026-04-23 2028-04-23 54 1873-3956 10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.04.284 276290819 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.04.284 0 a7d710bd-970a-11f1-af5a-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=49527 AAM_Production_of_cold-bonded.pdf AAM_Production_of_cold-bonded.pdf 1 67D57D7B11C541C63F4164D8BD0933D4 cbccc6e504212ceac25294acf311664d3b982e2707fab61587a10e041fe54c91 5de1cdf8-970e-11f1-af5a-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=49530 Zavod za gradbeništvo Slovenije 0 0 0