20.500.12556/DiRROS-31855 Stool mucosal immune protein–cytokine interconnections in children with autism spectrum disorder an age-adjusted partial correlation analysis Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit gut mucosal immune alterations, but the co-regulatory architecture linking stool immune proteins and cytokines within the same cohort remains unstudied. In 115 children (74 ASD, 41 controls; age 5–18 years), seven stool immune proteins (IgA subclasses, α1-antitrypsin and calprotectin subunits) were quantified by UHPLC-MS/MS and ten by Luminex—chemokines eotaxin/CCL11 and IL-8/CXCL8 plus eight cytokines—each normalised to total protein. Age-adjusted partial Spearman correlations were computed for all 70 protein–cytokine pairs per stratum, using Benjamini–Hochberg correction, bootstrap confidence intervals and Fisher r-to-z tests. No pair survived FDR correction in any stratum. IgA1 and IL-1β/TP correlated positively across all strata (full cohort ρ = 0.409, 95% CI 0.131–0.634, n = 62; controls 0.583; ASD 0.210), with no significant between-group difference (Fisher z = 1.70, p = 0.090). Multiple imputation attenuated this to ρ = 0.265 (95% CI 0.055–0.452). An inverse trend between IL-1β/TP and CARS score (ρ = −0.336, n = 41) did not survive correction (p-FDR = 0.576). This power-limited, hypothesis-generating study identifies an exploratory IgA1–IL-1β mucosal axis present across groups, with no confirmed between-group difference. Adequately powered multi-centre studies are required. autism spectrum disorder stool proteomics cytokines IgA calprotectin alpha-1-antitrypsin IL-1β gut mucosal immunity partial Spearman correlation Luminex proteomika blata IgA kalprotektin IL-1β imunost črevesne sluznice delna Spearmanova korelacija alfa-1-antitripsin Luminex true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Neznano 2026-08-12 09:33:26 2026-08-12 09:33:26 2026-08-13 03:48:33 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Opis vira z dne 10. 8. 2026; str 1-20 issue 16, [article no.] 7097 Vol. 27 2026 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 616.896 1422-0067 10.3390/ijms27167097 287333891 RAZ_Osredkar_Josko_2026.pdf RAZ_Osredkar_Josko_2026.pdf 1 2B5F21B0794703F0D4043E5B0A7C8780 d859cee1102818becc9b1945c35e42b103d86851514fbe7570c9bd1e16dc77fc 64f2314c-9620-11f1-af5a-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=49501 https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/27/16/7097 1 1c70d113-9620-11f1-af5a-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=49500 Univerzitetni klinični center Ljubljana 0 0 0