20.500.12556/DiRROS-29838 3D fascicular reconstruction of median and ulnar nerve initial experience and comparison between high-resolution ultrasound and MR microscopy Background: The complex anatomy of peripheral nerves has been traditionally investigated through histological microsections, with inherent limitations. We aimed to compare three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of median and ulnar nerves acquired with tomographic high-resolution ultrasound (HRUS) and magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) and assess their capacity to depict intraneural anatomy. Methods: Three fresh-frozen human upper extremity specimens were prepared for HRUS imaging by submersion in a water medium. The median and ulnar nerves were pierced with sutures to improve orientation during imaging. Peripheral nerve 3D HRUS scanning was performed on the mid-upper arm using a broadband linear probe (10–22 MHz) equipped with a tomographic 3D HRUS system. Following excision, nerves were cut into 16-mm segments and loaded into the MRM probe of a 9.4-T system (scanning time 27h). Fascicle and nerve counting was performed to estimate the nerve volume, fascicle volume, fascicle count, and number of interfascicular connections. HRUS reconstructions employed artificial intelligence-based algorithms, while MRM reconstructions were generated using an open-source imaging software 3D slicer. Results: Compared to MRM, 3D HRUS underestimated nerve volume by up to 22% and volume of all fascicles by up to 11%. Additionally, 3D HRUS depicted 6–60% fewer fascicles compared to MRM and visualized approximately half as many interfascicular connections. Conclusion: MRM demonstrated a more detailed fascicular depiction compared to 3D HRUS, with a greater capacity for visualizing smaller fascicles. While 3D HRUS reconstructions can offer supplementary data in peripheral nerve assessment, their limitations in depicting interfascicular connections and small fascicles within clusters necessitate cautious interpretation. Clinical relevance statement: Although 3D HRUS reconstructions can offer supplementary data in peripheral nerve assessment, even in intraoperative settings, their limitations in depicting interfascicular branches and small fascicles within clusters require cautious interpretation. artificial intelligence imaging (three-dimensional) magnetic resonance peripheral nerves ultrasound umetna inteligenca slikanje (tridimenzionalno) slikanje z magnetno resonanco periferni živci ultrazvok true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Neznano 2026-06-08 11:39:56 2026-06-08 11:39:57 2026-06-09 03:49:20 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 0 Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Opis vira z dne 8. 9. 2024; str. 1-9 iss. 1, [article no.] 100 Vol. 8 2024 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 616-07 2509-9280 10.1186/s41747-024-00495-5 206711299 RAZ_Pusnik_Luka_2024.pdf RAZ_Pusnik_Luka_2024.pdf 1 307409F322D54B700737BFA2C7EE9342 9d15709fad90df67e40f5a4416824a232c31c87953780b14f01ed059c8e10cbb 29646369-631e-11f1-9215-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=44880 https://eurradiolexp.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s41747-024-00495-5 1 05296386-631e-11f1-9215-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=44879 Univerzitetni klinični center Ljubljana 0 0 0