20.500.12556/DiRROS-29812 Quality indicators for the care of people with intellectual disability in family medicine in Slovenia a modified Delphi study Kazalniki kakovosti za obravnavo oseb z motnjo v duševnem razvoju v družinski medicini v Sloveniji delfska študija Introduction People with intellectual disability (ID) experience poorer health outcomes and shorter life expectancy than the general population—gaps that could be mitigated by high-quality healthcare. In Slovenia, there are no specific recommendations for this population. The aim of this study was to identify and validate quality indicators (QIs) for the care of people with ID in family medicine, to serve as recommendations for this population in Slovenia. Methods A three-round Delphi study was conducted with 15 national experts. An initial set of 44 indicators, derived from the literature, was presented, and panel members proposed eight additional indicators. In the first round, panel members rated the importance of each indicator. Based on feedback, the indicators were revised to separate importance from the implementation interval. In the second and third rounds, panel members rated importance and feasibility and selected the most appropriate time interval. Results A total of 33 indicators were validated. These indicators cover multiple aspects of healthcare, including lifestyle factors, lifestyle advice, clinical outcomes, ongoing care, preventive medicine, and administration. Of the original 44 indicators, 28 were confirmed (64%). Of the 8 indicators proposed by panel members, 5 were validated (62.5%). A total of 9 of the original indicators (20%) and 3 of the panel-proposed indicators (37.5%) were considered important but not feasible. Conclusions This three-round Delphi study successfully developed QIs for the care of people with ID in Slovenia. These QIs can be integrated directly into existing system structures. The study provides a set of indicators that can inform the development of a clinical checklist and serve as a practical tool for evaluating both organisational and clinical aspects of quality of care. Uvod Osebe z motnjo v duševnem razvoju (MDR) imajo v povprečju slabše zdravstveno stanje in krajšo pričakovano življenjsko dobo kot splošna populacija. Na oboje lahko vplivamo z zagotavljanjem kakovostne zdravstvene oskrbe. V Sloveniji ni priporočil za kakovostno oskrbo oseb z MDR na primarnem nivoju. Namen raziskave je bil razviti in validirati kazalnike, ki bi bili osnova za ugotavljanje kakovosti obravnave oseb z MDR v družinski medicini v Sloveniji. Metode V delfski študiji je sodelovalo 15 slovenskih zdravnikov. V prvem krogu raziskave so prejeli 44 predlogov kazalnikov, pripravljenih na podlagi literature, za oceno pomembnosti kazalnika (9-stopenjska Likertova lestvica). V prvem krogu so panelisti dodali še 8 predlogov. Predlagali so, da se ocenjuje posebej vsebina predlaganega kazalnika in frekvenca, s katero naj se kazalnik izvaja. Tako so v drugem krogu ocenjevali vseh 52 kazalnikov glede pomembnosti in izvedljivosti ter izbirali frekvenco. V tretji krog so napredovali kazalniki, ki so dosegli povprečje pomembnosti in izvedljivosti 7 ali več. Rezultati Panelisti so potrdili 33 kazalnikov kakovosti. Izmed predlaganih 44 so jih potrdili 28 (64 %). Izmed 8, ki so jih predlagali v prvem krogu, pa so jih potrdili 5 (62,5 %). Za 20 % kazalnikov, predlaganih v prvem krogu (9 kazalnikov), so ocenili, da so pomembni, niso pa izvedljivi v družinski medicini v Sloveniji; enako so ocenili za 37,5 % tistih kazalnikov, ki so jih predlagali sami (3 kazalniki). Potrjeni kazalniki kakovosti zajemajo različna področja zdravstvene obravnave in so razvrščeni v šest sklopov: dejavniki življenjskega sloga (npr. beleženje kajenja, uživanja alkohola, BMI, pogovor o zaprtju), svetovanje o življenjskem slogu (npr. telesna dejavnost, opuščanje kajenja), klinični izidi (npr. merjenje krvnega tlaka, glukoze in TSH, obravnava epilepsije), tekoča obravnava (npr. letni pregled farmakoterapije), administrativni elementi (npr. kontakt skrbnika, socialna anamneza, oseba za podajo soglasja) ter preventivna medicina (npr. vključevanje v presejalne programe in cepljenja). Devet kazalnikov ne zahteva časovnega intervala (zapisi v zdravstveni dokumentaciji), 11 je predvidenih za letni, 13 pa za dvoletni pregled, kar je skladno z obstoječimi poteki dela v družinski medicini. Zaključki Delfska študija je potekala v treh krogih, v katerih so panelisti potrdili 33 kazalnikov kakovosti za obravnavo oseb z MDR v družinski medicini v Sloveniji. Dosežen je bil konsenz glede pomembnosti in izvedljivosti kazalnikov ter glede frekvence, ko naj se posamezni kazalnik izvaja. Raziskava je tako privedla do kazalnikov, ki jih je možno neposredno vključiti v delo zdravnikov in diplomiranih sester v ambulantah družinske medicine. intellectual disability quality inditaors Delphi technique primary care motnje v duševnem razvoju kazalniki kakovosti delfska študija družinska medicina true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Neznano 2026-06-07 03:44:01 2026-06-11 20:54:10 2026-06-12 03:54:39 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 Besedilo v angl.; str. 65-74 št. 2 Letn. 65 2026 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 2025-11-20 2026-03-05 614 0351-0026 10.2478/sjph-2026-0009 279960835 https://reference-global.com/article/10.2478/sjph-2026-0009 1 5c01884e-6212-11f1-9215-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=44824 Quality_Indicators_for_the_Care_of_People_with_Intellectual_Disability_in_Family_Medicine_in_Sloveni.pdf Quality_Indicators_for_the_Care_of_People_with_Intellectual_Disability_in_Family_Medicine_in_Sloveni.pdf 1 1594AEFB1E6F3BEA3A8BD21E76BF8D5D 0c6ed48a7f67517b934121d83d02dc576f566adbaada5a47ba6bc296eb1adad1 11d6b64a-65c7-11f1-9215-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=45274 Nacionalni inštitut za javno zdravje 0 0 0