20.500.12556/DiRROS-29167 Effect of liquid CO[sub](2) flow rate on TiAlN coated tools in hard turning of 42CrMo4 steel With the growing demand for sustainable manufacturing solutions, liquid carbon dioxide (LCO₂) has emerged as a promising alternative to conventional cooling lubricating fluids due to its environmentally friendly properties, non-toxicity, and high cooling capacity. This study investigates the influence of LCO2 flow rate on the performance of TiAlN-coated cutting inserts during the turning of 42CrMo4 (AISI 4140) steel. Tool life, cutting forces, temperature, and surface roughness were evaluated at various LCO2 flow rates. The results demonstrate that LCO2 significantly affects machining performance. At optimal flow rates of 200–250 g/min, the tool life increases by up to 20% compared to dry cutting. Excessive LCO2 flow reduces cooling effectiveness, leading to reduced tool life. At LCO2 flow rates above 400 g/min, the tool life is even shorter compared to dry turning. Moreover, higher flow rates increase the machining costs without providing additional performance benefits. Although no changes in dominant wear mechanisms were observed when using LCO2, its cooling effect clearly influences wear progression. Optimized flow rates slow down wear development, whereas excessive cooling of the workpiece can accelerate tool wear. These findings highlight the importance of optimizing the LCO2 flow rate to achieve improved tool life, stable machining conditions, and cost-effective sustainable manufacturing. cyrogenic machining 42 Cr Mo4 TiAIN liquid carbon dioxide kriogena obdelava 42CrMo4 konstrukcijsko jeklo TiAIN prevleka tekoči ogljikov dioksid true false true Springer Združeno kraljestvo Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik © The Author(s) 2026 Neznano 2026-04-22 14:21:51 2026-04-22 14:21:51 2026-04-23 04:02:15 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Opis vira z dne 22. 4. 2026; str. [1-13] iss. Vol. 17 Apr. 2026 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 2026-01-15 2026-04-03 2026-04-17 620.1/.2 1433-3015 10.1007/s00170-026-18092-8 276092163 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00170-026-18092-8 1 d947254f-3e45-11f1-a343-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=43594 RAZ_Drobnic_Matej_2026.pdf RAZ_Drobnic_Matej_2026.pdf 1 CD0E764F3C6189D577DFC11C412CF740 e88c984dc68920db6e3c2ff379468579dcfa0e73f93c35596552957da44a8bc7 9058712a-3e46-11f1-a343-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=43596 Institut Jožef Stefan 0 0 0