20.500.12556/DiRROS-28140 Nanostructured Carbon and Gold screen-printed electrodes for sensitive detection of benzisothiazolinone in environmental water samples Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) is a commonly used biocide in water-based products, which can enter the environment from household and personal care products, as well as from leaching off building facades and roofs due to rainfall, eventually reaching rivers through stormwater runoff and raising ecological concerns due to its high aquatic toxicity. Detecting benzisothiazolinone, particularly in the environment is crucial due to health and regulatory requirements. This study explores electrochemical techniques and conductive nanomaterials for detecting BIT in environmental samples. Carbon- and gold-based screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) with distinct morphologies were investigated: carbon electrodes as nanoparticles (SPE-C) and single-wall carbon nanotubes (SPE-SWCNTs), and gold electrodes as nanoparticles (SPE-Au-BT) and thin films (SPE-Au-AT). Cyclic voltammetry and square-wave voltammetry (SWV) were optimized, with SWV demonstrating superior sensitivity—showing a two-order improvement with carbon-based electrodes and a 30-fold enhancement with gold-based electrodes. The lowest detection limits were 40 nM for carbon and 80 nM for gold nanoparticle-based electrodes. SPE-C achieved good recovery in river water, confirming its effectiveness for BIT monitoring with minimal interference from common ions or saccharin. These sensors can be easily used for everyday detection and monitoring of BIT in river water, ensuring a screening programme that supports the development of adequate regulatory guidelines. screen-printed electrodes square-wave voltammetry electrochemical detection isothiazolinones tiskane elektrode kvadratnovalovna voltametrija elektrokemijska detekcija izotiazolinoni true false true MDPI Švica Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik © 2026 by the authors. Neznano 2026-03-11 08:23:14 2026-03-11 08:23:14 2026-03-12 03:46:56 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Soavtorji: Neža Sodnik, Zoran Samardžija, Kristina Žagar Soderžnik; Opis vira z dne 10. 3. 2026; str. 1-16 iss. 5, [article no.] 1425 Vol. 26 Feb. 2026 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 2025-10-10 2026-02-19 2026-02-25 543 1424-8220 10.3390/s26051425 271176451 https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/26/5/1425 1 2dd7b56f-1d1b-11f1-acf8-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=41602 RAZ_Vujancevic_Jelena_D._2026.pdf RAZ_Vujancevic_Jelena_D._2026.pdf 1 C07794DF0381FF096544892E7442FA74 e30a2a18e5a03a6cdef9ef203b3c6c9ea1a78a05ba8adf0d7c8ce7afa9460122 6b4fa9c6-1d1b-11f1-acf8-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=41603 Institut Jožef Stefan 0 0 0