20.500.12556/DiRROS-27496 A chromosome-level genome assembly of the western nose-horned viper (Vipera ammodytes ammodytes) We present a chromosome-level genome assembly of the western nose-horned viper (Vipera ammodytes ammodytes), the most medically important viper in Europe. Using PacBio Sequel and Illumina HiSeq X Ten sequencing, we generated ∼270 Gb of data, achieving ∼131× coverage of the genome. The final assembly spans 1.55 Gb with a contig N50 of 45.9 Mb and a scaffold N50 of 210 Mb, anchored into 18 pseudo-chromosomes. Completeness was supported by recovery of 97.1% of Vertebrata BUSCOs. A total of 20,775 protein-coding genes were predicted, of which 96.6% were functionally annotated. Repetitive sequences accounted for 53.75% of the genome, dominated by LINEs (41.87%) and LTRs (14.35%). We identified 112 venom-related genes across 15 families, with expansions in SVMPs, Snaclecs, sPLA₂s, SPIs, and SVSPs, together comprising 62.5% of the venom repertoire. Chemosensory genes were also expanded, including 448 olfactory receptors, 72 taste receptors, and 29 vomeronasal receptors. This assembly represents the most complete genome resource for a true viper to date and provides a key resource for investigating venom evolution, chemosensory adaptation, and comparative snake genomics. snake venom venom gland kačji strup strupnice true false true Oxford University Press Združeno kraljestvo Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik © The Author(s) 2025. Neznano 2026-02-10 10:18:58 2026-02-10 10:18:59 2026-02-11 04:01:07 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Opis vira z dne 10. 2. 2026; Soavtor iz Slovenije: Jože Pungerčar; str. 1-7 iss. 12 Vol. 17 Dec. 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 2025-10-31 2025-11-10 575.111 1759-6653 10.1093/gbe/evaf210 267892995 https://academic.oup.com/gbe/article/17/12/evaf210/8317694 1 89485f23-0661-11f1-88c7-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=40251 RAZ_Rao_Weiqiao_2025.pdf RAZ_Rao_Weiqiao_2025.pdf The raw sequencing data and assembled genomes that support the findings of this study have been deposited into the CNGB Sequence Archive (CNSA) (Guo et al. 2020) of the China National GenBank Database (CNGBdb) (Chen et al. 2020), https://db.cngb.org/cnsa/ with accession number CNP0002260, and into NCBI with the BioProject ID PRJNA1177245. 1 A3D9B1DFDBCAFFA3EEB775FB7AD8A3E0 b484c7d9e8752a41cb52dbf1069324a39b840236d014a00afe773d2ea0735c85 dcaee5c0-0661-11f1-88c7-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=40252 Institut Jožef Stefan 0 0 0