20.500.12556/DiRROS-25439 Celostna ultrazvočna ocena kongestije pri bolnikih s srčnim popuščanjem – kaj moramo vedeti? Assessment of congestion using ultrasound in patients with heart failure – what should we know? Ocena kongestije pri bolnikih s srčnim popuščanjem v klinični praksi najpogosteje temelji na anamnezi, kliničnem pregle-du in rentgenogramu prsnih organov. Klinični simptomi in znaki kongestije oz. znaki zastoja na rentgenogramu se pokaže-jo šele pri zmerni ali hudi kongestiji, kar lahko vodi do zamude pri postavitvi diagnoze in ustreznem zdravljenju bolnikov s srčnim popuščanjem. Ultrazvočna (UZ) ocena pljučne in sistemske venske kongestije omogoča natančnejše in zgodnejše prepoznavanje kongestije ter boljše prilagajanje zdravljenja z diuretiki, zato gre za zelo pomembno oceno tveganja za na-poved izida zdravljenja bolnikov s srčnim popuščanjem. Za klinično uporabo se ocenjuje z UZ sistemska venska kongestija v spodnji votli veni, notranji jugularni veni, jetrni veni, portalni veni in interlobarni ledvični veni, medtem ko z UZ pljuč ocenimo kongestijo pljuč. Zaradi enostavnosti izvedbe in interpretiranja je UZ ocena kongestije dostopna tako začetnikom kot tudi tistim, ki niso vešči UZ srca. Odpira možnost uporabe metode širokemu krogu zdravnikov, ki se srečujejo z bolniki s srčnim popuščanjem. Članek predstavi posamezne UZ metode za oceno sistemske venske in pljučne kongestije, njihove prednosti in slabosti ter pojasnjuje interpretiranje pridobljenih vrednosti. In clinical practice, the assessment of congestion in patients with heart failure is most often based on history, clinical examination, and chest X-ray. Clinical symptoms and signs of congestion or signs of congestion on the radiograph appear only in moderate or severe congestion, which can lead to a delay in the diagnosis and appropriate treatment of patients with heart failure. Ultrasound assessment of pulmonary and systemic venous congestion enables more accurate and early identification of congestion, enables better adjustment of diuretic therapy, and represents an important risk assessment for predicting the treatment outcome in patients with heart failure. For clinical use, ultrasound evaluates systemic venous congestion in the inferior vena cava, internal jugular, hepatic, portal, and interlobar renal veins. In contrast, pulmonary congestion is evaluated with lung ultrasound. Due to the ease of implementation and interpretation, the ultrasound assessment of congestion is accessible to both beginners and those who are not skilled in ultrasound examination of the heart and opens the possibility of using the method to a wide range of doctors who encounter patients with heart failure. In the article, we present individual ultrasound methods for assessing systemic venous and pulmonary congestion, their advantages and disadvantages, and explain the interpretation of the obtained values. ultrazvočna preiskava UZ venska kongestija pljučna kongestija UZ pljuč volemija srčno popuščanje ultrasound venous congestion pulmonary congestion lung ultrasound volemia true false true Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Neznano 2026-01-20 14:08:03 2026-01-20 14:08:04 2026-01-21 03:50:04 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 0 Besedilo v slov.; str. 400-409 št. 11/12 Letn. 93 nov./dec. 2024 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 616.12-008.46:616.24 1318-0347 10.6016/ZdravVestn.3528 222578691 RAZ_Ogorevc_Nace_2024.pdf RAZ_Ogorevc_Nace_2024.pdf 1 33C9DC395B9582BF97D50F7304CA31AD 8d3c8d2dd3b269f48ea41f1cb58a3daac363c3636c44c9102c957fa1a0c0aa12 85b645c6-f601-11f0-a15d-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=38535 https://vestnik.szd.si/index.php/ZdravVest/article/view/3528/4396 1 0f090b04-f601-11f0-a15d-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=38534 Univerzitetni klinični center Ljubljana 0 0 0