20.500.12556/DiRROS-25430 Experimental evaluation of enhanced antenna switching for CFO mitigation in DoA estimation Direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation in the Internet of Things (IoT) and embedded devices is typically performed using single-RF chain systems and antenna switching using time-division multiplexing. The accuracy of the DoA estimation is reduced due to the additional phase shifts between the samples on the antenna elements caused by the carrier frequency offset (CFO). We propose to use optimized antenna switching patterns (ASPs) to mitigate the effect of CFO on accuracy in DoA estimation using a multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm. We evaluated two switching methods referred to as EvenCFO-SP and Mirror-SP with simulations and confirmed the validity with measurements. Performance is analyzed and compared with a standard sequential sampling (SS) method. Uniform linear and circular array configurations are considered to evaluate the impact of the noise and the CFO value on estimation accuracy. The results show that the optimized ASPs outperform the SS method, with lower performance gain at small signal-to-noise ratios. The ASP sensitivity to the CFO value is studied, and the frequency bounds within which the optimized ASPs maintain high estimation accuracy are identified. A coarse CFO correction, effective for frequency estimation errors within the kHz range, extends the frequency bounds. Compared to a fine calibration, this reduces computational requirements, making it a viable option for embedded and IoT devices with limited hardware resources. antenna switching pattern carrier frequency offset direction of arrival MUSIC algorithm noise single RF-chain switched array uniform circular array uniform linear array ocena kota hrup algoritem MUSIC true false true IEEE ZDA Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik © 2025 The Authors. Neznano 2026-01-20 12:47:53 2026-01-20 12:47:53 2026-01-21 03:50:03 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Soavtorji iz Slovenije: Grega Morano, Aleš Švigelj, Andrej Hrovat, Teodora Kocevska, Tomaž Javornik; Opis vira z dne 15. 4. 2025; str. 1022-1036 iss. 4 Vol. 6 Aug. 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 2025-03-03 2025-04-04 2025-04-07 621.39 2637-6431 10.1109/OJAP.2025.3558671 232797187 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10955341 1 dc778eab-f5f5-11f0-a15d-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=38519 RAZ_Simoncic_Ales_2025.pdf RAZ_Simoncic_Ales_2025.pdf 1 D4B8C4E86210C3B086F5BB48111A957D 1ceecee837d54d526b36109177ca2e0b569c37136d085ff577c16aef32f4ca2e 6471218b-f5f6-11f0-a15d-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=38522 Institut Jožef Stefan 0 0 0