20.500.12556/DiRROS-25017 Upscaling models for the large-scale assessment of soil functions The characterization and assessment of soil functions is a prerequisite for agricultural and environmental policies aimed at soil health. However, there is a lack of satisfactory models for the assessment of soil functions supply to support national and intergovernmental initiatives. In this study we fill this gap by restructuring models developed to assess the multifunctionality of agricultural soils at the field scale. The multi-criteria decision models rely on soil properties, site characteristics and management information to assess the following five soil functions: (1) water regulation, (2) climate regulation, (3) nutrient cycling, (4) primary productivity and (5) provision of habitat for biodiversity. We develop models to assess soil functions supply at regional and national scales by adapting their structure to cope with the general lack of information on soil management at larger geographical scales. The restructured models are verified and a sensitivity analysis of the new model structure is performed. We further applied a comparison of the upscaled models with results from validated field-scale models using real data from 94 sites spanning across 13 European countries. We found that the upscaled models showed a similar sensitivity to the variability of the input data from the 94 sampling sites as the base models from which they were developed and that their overall supply is expected to be comparable. We describe the model structure of the upscaled models as well as their qualitative scales and integration rules. We propose the application of the models can serve for large-scale assessment of soil functions supply as part of soil health assessment for regional and national environmental and agricultural policies. multifunctionality soil health soil quality ecosystem services multi-attribute modelling večfunkcionalnost zdravje tal kakovost tal kakovost prsti ekosistemske storitve večatributno modeliranje true false true Wiley Združeno kraljestvo Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik © 2026 The Author(s). Neznano 2026-01-07 14:21:21 2026-01-07 14:21:21 2026-01-08 03:47:34 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2026 0 0 Soavtor iz Sovenije: Marko Debeljak; Opis vira z dne 7. 1. 2026; str. 1-18 iss. 1, [article no.] e70253 Vol. 77 Jan./Feb. 2026 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 2025-01-17 2025-11-24 2026-01-04 631 1365-2389 10.1111/ejss.70253 263777283 https://bsssjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/ejss.70253 1 c48d371c-ebcb-11f0-94a7-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=37515 RAZ_Wadoux_Alexandre_M.J.-C._2026.pdf RAZ_Wadoux_Alexandre_M.J.-C._2026.pdf The data that support the findings of this study are available in Landmark H2020 dataset at https://entrepot.recherche.data.gouv.fr/dataverse/LandmarkH2020, reference number H2020-SFS-2014-2: 635201. These data were derived from the following resources available in the public domain: Landmark H2020 dataset, https://entrepot.recherche.data.gouv.fr/dataset.xhtml?persistentId=doi:10.15454/MUTD4K. 1 96CD9833F997AE569C583B42DFCF5271 6769b11664f0998d298f22760d7d1452392fcfe4f29e237c5e49b60fe1dedc51 244c965c-ebcc-11f0-94a7-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=37518 Institut Jožef Stefan 0 0 0