20.500.12556/DiRROS-23850 Genomic signatures of climate-driven (mal)adaptation in an iconic conifer, the English Yew (Taxus baccata L.) The risk of climate maladaptation is increasing for numerous species, including trees. Developing robust methods to assess population maladaptation remains a critical challenge. Genomic offset approaches aim to predict climate maladaptation by characterizing the genomic changes required for populations to maintain their fitness under changing climates. In this study, we assessed the risk of climate maladaptation in European populations of English yew (Taxus baccata), a long-lived tree with a patchy distribution across Europe, the Atlas Mountains, and the Near East, where many populations are small or threatened. We found evidence suggesting local climate adaptation by analyzing 8616 SNPs in 475 trees from 29 European T. baccata populations, with climate explaining 18.1% of genetic variance and 100 unlinked climate-associated loci identified via genotype-environment association (GEA). Then, we evaluated the deviation of populations from the overall gene-climate association to assess variability in local adaptation or different adaptation trajectories across populations and found the highest deviations in low latitude populations. Moreover, we predicted genomic offsets and successfully validated these predictions using phenotypic traits assessed in plants from 26 populations grown in a comparative experiment. Finally, we integrated information from current local adaptation, genomic offset, historical genetic differentiation, and effective migration rates to show that Mediterranean and high-elevation T. baccata populations face higher vulnerability to climate change than low-elevation Atlantic and continental populations. Our study demonstrates the practical use of the genomic offset framework in conservation genetics, offers insights for its further development, and highlights the need for a population-centered approach that incorporates additional statistics and data sources to credibly assess climate vulnerability in wild plant populations. climate change  genomic offset  genotype- environment association  local adaptation  Taxus baccata podnebne spremembe genomski odmik povezava med genotipom in okoljem lokalna prilagoditev Taxus baccata true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Znanstveno delo 2025-10-10 14:28:53 2025-10-10 14:28:54 2025-10-24 03:55:10 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Opis vira z dne 10. 10. 2025; Skupno št. avtorjev: 17; Avtorica iz Slovenije: M. Westergren; str. 1-18 iss. 10 [article no. e70160] Vol. 18 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 2025-10-04 2025-01-01 630*16 1752-4571 10.1111/eva.70160 252737795 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/eva.70160 1 b184cb24-a5d4-11f0-9bb7-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=35367 Evolutionary_Applications_-_2025_-_Francisco_-_Genomic_Signatures_of_Climate‐Driven__Mal_Adaptation_in_an_Iconic_Conifer_.pdf Evolutionary_Applications_-_2025_-_Francisco_-_Genomic_Signatures_of_Climate‐Driven__Mal_Adaptation_in_an_Iconic_Conifer_.pdf 1 647653E41E2EC0650F1E417DC23222F9 b877355436456b13a0fdf45b35c128c0310efaacfa599843c7189fe6c9905ab6 d39eb820-a5d4-11f0-9bb7-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=35368 Gozdarski inštitut Slovenije 0 0 0