20.500.12556/DiRROS-23211 Cytokine profiles of bronchoalveolar lavage in patients with interstitial lung diseases and non-allergic asthma Diagnosing and prognosing immune-mediated airway diseases, like hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) and sarcoidosis, is complicated due to their overlapping symptoms and the lack of definitive biomarkers. Hence, we wanted to compare bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cytokine and chemokine profiles from 92 patients with different immune-mediated and inflammatory airway diseases, namely, HP, sarcoidosis, non-allergic asthma, amiodarone lung, and EGPA. We also compared pulmonary function parameters, BAL’s cellularity, and lymphocyte immunophenotypes. We found significant differences across all measured lung functions (VC, VC%, FEV1, FEV1%, and Tiff%) and in the number of macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils. Furthermore, we showed significant differences in CD4, CD8, and CD4/8 across all included ILDs and OLDs; however, no significant differences were found in CD3, CD19, NK, or NKT. We identified nine biomarkers (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, VEGF, angiogenin, C4a, RANTES, and MCP-1) that significantly differ in the BAL of patients with HP and sarcoidosis and showed that RANTES and IL-6 are associated with fibrotic outcome. We have demonstrated that interstitial and obstructive lung diseases differ in cytokine and cellular lung imprint, which may, in the future, enable the determination of the disease subtype and thus the identification of targets for the treatment of individuals or subgroups within diseases. hypersensitivity pneumonitis sarcoidosis non-allergic asthma amiodarone lung EGPA cytokines bronchoalveolar lavage chemokines complement anaphylatoxins angiogenesis-related factors preobčutljivostna pljučnica sarkoidoza nealergijska astma pljučna toksičnost zaradi amiodarona eozinofilni granulomatozni poliangiitis citokini bronhoalveolarno izpiranje kemokini komplementni anafilatoksini dejavniki povezani z angiogenezo true false true MDPI, 2000- International journal of molecular sciences Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik © 2025 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Neznano 2025-08-05 14:04:57 2025-08-05 14:04:57 2025-10-24 03:53:40 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Opis vira z dne 5. 8. 2025; 14 str. issue 14, [article no.] 6831 Vol. 26 2 Jul 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno apc 2025-06-02 2025-06-06 2025-07-15 616.24-002.2 1422-0067 10.3390/ijms26146831 244836099 https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/26/14/6831 1 687432d8-71f4-11f0-9bb7-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=34163 RAZ_Greif_Lenarcic_Dana_2025.pdf RAZ_Greif_Lenarcic_Dana_2025.pdf 1 1D62D75A1F7DCBE3EC9EA61191CD4C0F 9c0d196523a612ab82bbe3953d0ea59e3b752e5ad24672df9e241b23eed0a5f0 f5452309-71f4-11f0-9bb7-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=34164 Univerzitetna klinika za pljučne bolezni in alergijo Golnik 0 0 0