20.500.12556/DiRROS-22973 Overstrength in timber engineering general discussion and proposal for a more reliable and broader application This review paper explores the concepts of overstrength and ductility as fundamental components of capacity- based design with a focus on timber engineering. It addresses the necessity of implementing overstrength and capacity-based design principles for effectively managing both accidental and characteristic load scenarios. Current approaches define overstrength either within the Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) framework or by means of structural reliability analyses at component level, both with clear limitations in controlling the overall structural reliability and the target failure hierarchy, which is exemplified and demonstrated by a parameter study. In response, a new thematic approach for overstrength factors is proposed, formulated within the structural reliability framework, which enhances the understanding and application of ductility in design. This new methodology is benchmarked against existing approaches, therefore demonstrating its effectiveness. A clear and concise definition of ductility is emphasised as essential for a meaningful application of capacity-based design in clear conjunction with the concept of overstrength. The aim is to create a clear classification of component failure modes either as brittle (non-dissipative, non-ductile) or ductile (and dissipative, i.e. connections which provide also ductility in reverse loadings without severe pinching), which is crucial for reliably achieving a failure hierarchy where ductile failures precede brittle failures. The findings underline the importance of integrating overstrength and ductility into timber engineering practice to improve structural safety and at the same time to achieve resilient designs. overstrength timber engineering connections joints ductile failure brittle failure faktorji dodatne nosilnosti lesno inženirstvo spoji stiki duktilne porušitve krhke porušitve true false true Elsevier Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik © 2025 The Authors. Neznano 2025-07-14 11:06:59 2025-07-14 11:43:04 2026-04-01 09:57:40 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 str. 1-14 [article no.] 120739 Vol. 340 Oct. 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 2025-06-11 624.07 1873-7323 10.1016/j.engstruct.2025.120739 239522819 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0141029625011307 1 e71394e9-6091-11f0-9bb7-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=33531 RAZ_Brandner_Reinhard_2025.pdf RAZ_Brandner_Reinhard_2025.pdf 1 0A6AC56080810FA129686E8B7E907229 88c8faf9df135f96411a774a033e698cd5780975bd1c007cccb45b31c2f047e2 e240a6e1-6096-11f0-9bb7-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=33578 Zavod za gradbeništvo Slovenije 0 0 0