20.500.12556/DiRROS-22523 Risk of anaphylaxis associated with cold urticaria Purpose of review Cold-induced anaphylaxis (ColdA) is a poorly understood form of anaphylaxis that occurs in patients with cold urticaria (ColdU). This comprehensive review aims to deepen the understanding of ColdA. It emphasizes the identification of high-risk ColdU patients susceptible to ColdA and provides recommendations for their effective management. Recent findings Recent studies, including the large international COLD-CE study, have identified clinical features of ColdU patients associated with increased ColdA risk. These individuals can now be recognized through routine clinical assessments. Key diagnostic indicators for assessing ColdU and the risk of ColdA include oropharyngeal/laryngeal symptoms and positive standard local cold provocation tests. ColdA has been defined as acute cold-induced involvement of the skin and/or visible mucosal tissue accompanied by cardiovascular manifestations, difficulty breathing, or gastrointestinal symptoms, but a universally accepted definition is lacking. Additionally, ColdA has recently been recognized as an indication for prescribing adrenaline (epinephrine) autoinjectors, marking a significant advancement in disease management. Summary ColdA is a major and potentially life-threatening concern for a subset of ColdU patients. Early recognition of high-risk patients, coupled with education and preparedness of both patients and healthcare providers, is crucial for effectively managing this challenging condition. Further research is needed to expand understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of ColdA, identify potential cofactors influencing ColdA, and improve disease-management strategies. adrenaline (epinephrine) autoinjector cold-induced anaphylaxis cold urticaria management risk factors alergije epinefrin samoinjektor anafilaksija na hlad urtikarija zaradi mraza obvladovanje dejavniki tveganja true false true Springer Current treatment options in allergy Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik © The Author(s) 2024 This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Neznano 2025-05-28 08:17:30 2025-05-28 08:17:31 2025-10-24 03:51:28 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 0 str. 167–175 [iss. 3] Vol. 11 2024 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 2024-06-06 2024-06-20 616 2196-3053 10.1007/s40521-024-00366-9 200488451 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40521-024-00366-9 1 717b4e1c-3b8b-11f0-963a-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=32560 RAZ_Bizjak_Mojca_2024.pdf RAZ_Bizjak_Mojca_2024.pdf 1 6E2A0B4C9AE7F899508631F5BDFD49BD f521bc826e1a2f712ffbddcf6bf063e9b178ce6f92ef76a5effc608f099c83af d577a840-3b8d-11f0-963a-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=32561 Univerzitetna klinika za pljučne bolezni in alergijo Golnik 0 0 0