20.500.12556/DiRROS-22073 Paediatric cervicofacial lymphadenitis caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria nation-wide overview in the period 2000-2020 Purpose Cervicofacial lymphadenitis caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is a rare but increasing infection in children worldwide. The purpose of this study was to analyse and evaluate all microbiologically proven cases of NTM lymphadenitis in children under the age 14 years in Slovenia. Methods Between 2000 and 2020, we retrospectively reviewed laboratory and medical records for basic demographic and microbiological data. Different clinical samples were collected in medical centres and regional hospitals from all over Slovenia. Results In the period before mandatory BCG vaccination was discontinued (2000–2005), we did not observe any case of paediatric NTM lymphadenitis. After discontinuation of non-selective BCG vaccination of new-borns (2006–2020), we identified 55 cases of microbiologically confirmed NTM lymphadenitis in BCG-unvaccinated children with median age 26.0 months (range: 15.0–75.0 months). Mean annual incidence of paediatric NTM lymphadenitis accounted for 1.26 (range: 0.35–2.38) per 100,000 children. The main causative agents were Mycobacterium avium (38/55; 69.1%) and M. intracellulare (9/55; 16.4%). We did not find any M. chimaera isolate. Since 2006, each year we microbiologically confirm sporadic cases of paediatric NTM lymphadenitis, a condition not diagnosed before. Conclusions After discontinuation of universal BCG vaccination in March 2005, first cases of paediatric NTM lymphadenitis appeared. Several possible reasons could be attributed to observed trend and further multinational observational studies are warranted to explore possible causal relationships. cervicofacial lymphadenitis paediatric lymphadenitis non-tuberculous mycobacteria Mycobacterium avium Mycobacterium intracellulare mycobacterial lymphadenitis cervikofacialni limfadenitis pediatrični limfadenitis netuberkulozne mikobakterije Mycobacterium avium Mycobacterium intracellulare mikobakterijski limfadenitis true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Slovenia; Slovenija; 2000-2020; Neznano 2025-04-18 14:41:05 2025-04-18 14:41:05 2025-10-24 03:50:29 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Opis vira z dne 15. 4. 2025; 10 str. article no. ǂ270 Vol. 25 2 Apr. 2025 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno apc 2025-04-02 2025-03-17 2025-04-02 579.873.2:616.428-053.2(497.4) 1471-2431 10.1186/s12887-025-05603-x 232781315 RAZ_Sivic_Urska_2025.pdf RAZ_Sivic_Urska_2025.pdf 1 E6C03B0DA5BEE3EC21F9B656A7627AA7 c1296b8c189d8af4a43c92ffc6248fa2df000347c862b019d8e8fde09e34d083 e460c534-1f76-11f0-963a-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=31908 Univerzitetna klinika za pljučne bolezni in alergijo Golnik 0 0 0