20.500.12556/DiRROS-21909 Ethylene signaling is essential for mycorrhiza-induced resistance against chewing herbivores in tomato Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis can prime plant defenses, leading to mycorrhiza-induced resistance (MIR) against different attackers, including insect herbivores. Still, our knowledge of the complex molecular regulation leading to MIR is very limited. Here, we showed that the AM fungus Funneliformis mosseae protects tomato plants against two different chewing herbivores, Spodoptera exigua and Manduca sexta. We explored the underlying molecular mechanism through genome-wide transcriptional profiling, bioinformatics network analyses, and functional bioassays. Herbivore-triggered jasmonate (JA)-regulated defenses were primed in leaves of mycorrhizal plants. Likewise, ethylene (ET) biosynthesis and signaling were also higher in leaves of mycorrhizal plants both before and after herbivory. We hypothesized that fine-tuned ET signaling is required for the primed defense response leading to MIR. ET is a complex regulator of plant responses to stress and is generally considered a negative regulator of plant defenses against herbivory. However, ET-deficient or insensitive lines did not show AM-primed JA biosynthesis or defense response, and were unable to develop MIR against any of the herbivores. Thus, we demonstrate that hormone crosstalk is central to the priming of plant immunity by beneficial microbes, with ET fine-tuning being essential for the primed JA biosynthesis and boosted defenses leading to MIR in tomato. chewing herbivores defense priming ethylene hormonal crosstalk jasmonate mycorrhiza-induced resistance (MIR) rastlinski škodljivci paradižnik rastlinski hormoni etilen jasmonska kislina z mikorizo inducirana odpornost true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Neznano 2025-04-10 12:31:30 2025-04-10 12:31:30 2025-10-24 03:50:09 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Soavtorji: Javier Rivero, Živa Ramšak, Marko Petek, Maja Križnik, Victor Flors, Juan A Lopez-Raez, Ainhoa Martinez-Medina, Kristina Gruden, Maria J Pozo; Opis vira z dne 18. 3. 2025; str. 1-17 iss. Vol. 2025 0000-00-00 PostprintKoncna VTisku NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 2025-02-08 632 1460-2431 10.1093/jxb/eraf053 229389315 https://academic.oup.com/jxb/advance-article/doi/10.1093/jxb/eraf053/8005847 1 f8cd6eff-15f6-11f0-963a-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=31599 RAZ_Lidoy_Javier_2025.pdf RAZ_Lidoy_Javier_2025.pdf 1 D623A7B0EC5D96CD707B5926356B75C5 0fb6ac6e2f5c2506d64ba882c2d4337e92118f2983ac76ada54bd1e952aa89e8 50b4c3f0-15f7-11f0-963a-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=31600 Supplementary_data.zip Supplementary_data.zip Dopolnilne informacije 1 CA96D6970D5A06EDA53103955CF11D3C d5e2c32859608a1602d009d04c04c09d9ed43c859df045eb73014e23dc39de03 4a8af1ee-18fc-11f0-963a-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=31657 Nacionalni inštitut za biologijo 0 0 0