20.500.12556/DiRROS-21447 Is alloying a promising path to substitute critical raw materials? Is alloying a promising path to substitute critical raw materials A long-standing problem in metallurgy has been the alloying of metals and the search for new alloys that can improve performance and replace expensive metals. This decades-long quest for high-performance alloys has led to increasingly complex compositions. The number of possible alloy compositions to explore is literally astronomical. While this enormous range gives hope for the discovery of alternative materials, it also makes trial-and-error research highly speculative. This article will show that while alloying can offer alternatives, the supply risks increases with the number of elements involved and quickly outweigh the supply risks of the element being replaced. Therefore, the possibilities of alloying are not unlimited and a balance must be found between the overall supply risk and the number of elements used. In substitution scenarios, the supply risk increases almost linearly with the number of elements in the alloy. As a rule, effective combinations comprise no more than five elements, all of which are selected from the elements with the lowest supply risk. This significantly limits the range of possible candidates and makes the task of synthesis and characterization more manageable for materials scientists. By considering the multiple dimensions stepping in the supply risk, the list of suitable elements can be further refined and prioritized. critical raw materials risk assessment supply chain sustainability material dependency reduction kritične surovine ocena tveganja oskrba vzdržnost dobavne verige zmanšanje odvisnosti od materialov true false true Elsevier Nizozemska Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik © 2025 The Author(s). Neznano 2025-02-05 12:08:17 2025-02-05 12:08:17 2025-02-06 03:34:49 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2025 0 0 Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Soavtorja iz Slovenije: Janez Zavašnik, Uroš Cvelbar; Opis vira z dne 3. 2. 2025; str. 1-8 Vol. [in press] 2025 0000-00-00 NiDoloceno NiDoloceno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 2025-01-31 620.1/.2 1873-4103 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.01.015 224837891 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1369702125000288 1 81724474-e3b1-11ef-ba3f-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=30581 RAZ_Rousseau_Francois_2025.pdf RAZ_Rousseau_Francois_2025.pdf 1 BBF8B99C8849C0D9E28FC7E7B1D3D678 bf9e7f5479aa11c06272776d43aac21231416195f812b4bae966034a1c91afdb b24bda38-e3b2-11ef-ba3f-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=30582 Institut Jožef Stefan 0 0 0