20.500.12556/DiRROS-20943 Osutost dreves na ploskvah intenzivnega monitoringa gozdnih ekosistemov v Sloveniji v zadnjih dveh desetletjih Tree defoliation on the plots for intensive monitoring of forest ecosystems in Slovenia over the last two decades Pred uporabo natančnejših fizikalno-kemijskih meritev (analitične meritve vsebnosti določenih elementov v padavinah in foliarnih vzorcih) za oceno poškodovanosti gozdov oz. odziv gozdov na onesnaženost so se v okviru programa ICP Forests uveljavile predvsem posredne oblike spremljanja vplivov onesnaženosti na gozdne ekosisteme oz. ocene posledic onesnažil na drevesa. Eden od pomembnejših kazalnikov je ocena osutosti krošnje, ki predstavlja okularno ocenjen delež manjkajočih asimilacijskih organov (listov oz. iglic) v primerjavi z normalno vitalnim drevesom enakega socialnega položaja, enake drevesne vrste in z enakega rastišča. Ocenjujemo ga na 5 % natančno. Za poškodovano velja drevo, katerega osutost drevesne krošnje je večja od 25 % (manjka ji vsaj četrtina listnega aparata). V prispevku so predstavljeni rezultati spremljanja stanja osutosti na desetih ploskvah intenzivnega monitoringa (ICP Forests) po letu 2003. V zadnjih letih so bile najbolj osute krošnje dreves na ploskvah Fondek (bukev), Gropajski bori (črni bor), Gorica (bukev) in Lontovž (bukev). Na vseh štirih ploskvah, razen Gorice, se je v zadnjem obdobju povprečna osutost povečevala. Ploskev Gropajski bori je v prehodnem obdobju, kjer umetno nasajeni črni bor počasi nadomeščajo avtohtoni listavci. Med drevesnimi vrstami so v zadnjem obdobju med bolj osutimi predvsem črni gaber in črni bor na ploskvi Gropajski bori ter dob na ploskvah Krakovski gozd in Murska šuma ter tudi bukev na ploskvi Fondek. Od leta 2014 se povprečna osutost postopno slabša na več kot polovici ploskev, predvsem na ploskvah, kjer stari sestoj nadomešča mladovje. Predvidevamo, da je v letu 2022 na poslabšanje stanja v največji meri vplivala poletna suša s pripadajočimi dejavniki. Before introducing more accurate physical-chemical measurements (analytical measurements of the content of certain elements in the precipitation and foliar samples) to evaluate forest damage or response of the forests to pollution, indirect forms of pollution impact the monitoring of the forest ecosystems or assessment of pollutant impacts on the trees were mostly enforced in the framework of the ICP forests. One of the important indicators is the crown defoliation assessment. It represents a visually assessed proportion of the missing assimilation organs (leaves or needles) compared to a normally vital tree of equal social status, same tree species, and equal site. The assessment has an accuracy of 5 %. A tree is considered damaged if more than 25 % of the tree crown is defoliated (at least a quarter of its foliage is missing). The article presents the results of the defoliation status monitoring on ten intensive monitoring plots (ICP Forests) after 2003. In recent years, the plots most affected by crown defoliation were Fondek (European beech), Gropajski bori (Austrian pine), Gorica (European beech), and Lontovž (European beech). Defoliation has been increasing on all four plots except Gorica over the last few years. The Gropajski bori plot is experiencing a transition period; artificially planted Austrian pine is slowly being replaced by autochthonous broadleaves. Recently, the most defoliated trees have been European hophornbeam and Austrian pine on the Gropajski bori plot, pedunculate oak on the Krakovski gozd and Murska šuma plots, and European beech on the Fondek plot. Since 2014, the average defoliation has gradually worsened on over half of the plots, especially those where regeneration phase is replacing the old stand. In 2022, summer drought with its associated factors is hypothesised to have been the main contributor to the increased defoliation rate. stanje gozdov osutost dreves intenzivni monitoring ICP Forests iglavci listavci forest condition tree defoliation intensive monitoring ICP Forests conifers broadleaves true false true Slovenski jezik Angleški jezik Neznano 2024-12-06 10:08:04 2024-12-06 10:08:04 2024-12-07 03:35:55 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2024 0 0 str. 308-318 št. 7/8 Letn. 82 2024 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 2024-01-01 630*52 0017-2723 217957123 RAZ_Pintar_Anze_Martin_2024.pdf RAZ_Pintar_Anze_Martin_2024.pdf 1 15A4EA934B1D0D0376081F59108D6C93 e90331b499f8633620c53462c398da84c55a94392d8c24ce602e385110fd58f4 b1b1f20c-b3b1-11ef-ba3f-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=29621 Zveza gozdarskih društev Slovenije Gozdarski vestnik 0 0 0