20.500.12556/DiRROS-19267 Cytotoxicity and antibacterial efficacy of betaine- and choline-substituted polymers Cationic charge has been widely used to increase polymer adsorption and flocculation of dispersions or to provide antimicrobial activity. In this work, cationization of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was achieved by covalently coupling betaine hydrochloride and choline chloride to the polymer backbones through carbonyl diimidazole (CDI) activation. Two approaches for activation were investigated. CDI in excess was used to activate the polymers’ hydroxyls followed by carbonate formation with choline chloride, or CDI was used to activate betaine hydrochloride, followed by ester formation with the polymers’ hydroxyls. The first approach led to a more significant cross-linking of PVA, but not of HEC, and the second approach successfully formed ester bonds. Cationic, nitrogen-bearing materials with varying degrees of substitution were obtained in moderate to high yields. These materials were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, polyelectrolyte titration, and kaolin flocculation. Their dose-dependent effect on the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and L929 mouse fibroblasts, was investigated. Significant differences were found between the choline- and betaine-containing polymers, and especially, the choline carbonate esters of HEC strongly inhibited the growth of S. aureus in vitro but were also cytotoxic to fibroblasts. Fibroblast cytotoxicity was also observed for betaine esters of PVA but not for those of HEC. The materials could potentially be used as antimicrobial agents for instance by coating surfaces, but more investigations into the interaction between cells and polysaccharides are necessary to clarify why and how bacterial and human cells are inhibited or killed by these derivatives, especially those containing choline. hydroxyethyl cellulose polyvinyl alcohol antimicrobial S. aureus P. aeruginosa L929 mouse fibroblast cationic polymer kemija polimeri antimikrobi antibakterijska sredstva Staphylococcus aureus Pseudomonas aeruginosa true false true Angleški jezik Slovenski jezik Neznano 2024-07-12 03:38:38 2024-07-12 11:02:31 2024-07-13 03:49:22 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2023 0 0 Nasl. z nasl. zaslona; Opis vira z dne 19. 7. 2023; str. 5270–5279 iss. 7 Vol. 5 13 Jun. 2023 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 2023-06-13 54 2637-6105 10.1021/acsapm.3c00691 156268803 https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsapm.3c00691?ref=PDF 1 769f5533-3fef-11ef-b487-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=26527 RAZ_Jurko_Lucija_2023.pdf RAZ_Jurko_Lucija_2023.pdf 1 182A99CE98D4E3BD4A89718253EB883C 8960a9a9d76c432c65e15a9b4155d60a54698cc3d837bdcdb7ef15cb3fc4fe34 d669f37b-402d-11ef-b487-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=26572 Kemijski inštitut Nacionalni inštitut za biologijo 0 0 0