20.500.12556/DiRROS-13728 Preverjanje uporabnosti modela SiWaWa za simuliranje razvoja čistih bukovih in smrekovih enomernih sestojev v Sloveniji The applicability of the SiWaWa stand model for simulating stand development of pure beech and spruce even-aged forest stands in Slovenia Modeli razvoja gozdov napovedujejo razvoj dreves in gozdnih sestojev glede na drevesne, sestojne, rastiščne in gozdnogospodarske dejavnike. Zaradi kompleksne narave gozdnih ekosistemov in dolgih proizvodnih ciklov je modeliranje razvoja gozdov pomemben sestavni del upravljanja gozdov. Sestojni modeli so bili prepoznani kot primerni za podporo odločanju pri upravljanju z gozdovi. Primer takega modela je švicarski model SiWaWa, ki smo ga preizkusili v pričujoči raziskavi. Na štirih vzorcih po 50 stalnih vzorčnih ploskev v negospodarjenih in gospodarjenih čistih bukovih in čistih smrekovih enomernih sestojih smo izvedli simulacije razvoja gozdov za obdobje 10 let, nato pa smo primerjali dejanske vrednosti in modelske napovedi za sestojno temeljnico G, število dreves N in srednje temeljnični premer Dg. Napovedovanje razvoja čistih bukovih gozdov je bilo zadovoljivo točno; v negospodarjenih sestojih je celotna napaka RMSE za sestojno temeljnico znašala 2,35 m2 /ha, v gospodarjenih sestojih pa 3,42 m2/ha ob upoštevanju le posekanih dreves in 4,35 m2/ha ob upoštevanju celotne mortalitete. Enako ne moremo trditi za napovedovanje razvoja čistih smrekovih sestojev. Pri slednjih so bile mere točnosti znatno slabše, saj so RMSE za napovedano sestojno temeljnico znašali 8,94 m2/ha za negospodarjene in 6,13 m2/ha ter 6,11 m2/ha za gospodarjene sestoje ob upoštevanju poseka oziroma celotne mortalitete. Model SiWaWa, ki je parametriziran za švicarske gozdove, se zdi uporaben za simuliranje razvoja čistih bukovih gozdov brez simuliranega ukrepanja (poseka) ali z njim. Zanesljive simulacije razvoja čistih smrekovih sestojev pa model zaenkrat še ne omogoča. Forest development models predict development of trees and forest stands according to tree, stand, site, and forest management factors. Due to complex nature of forest ecosystems and long production cycles, forest development modelling is an important feature of forest management. Stand models have been identified as suitable for decision support in forest management, an example of such a model is the Swiss model SiWaWa, which was tested in Slovenian forests in the present study. Forest development simulations for 10-y periods were performed on four samples of 50 permanent sample plots in unmanaged and managed pure beech and pure spruce stands. Afterwards, we compared the actual and modelled values of stand basal area G, number of trees N, and mean squared diameter Dg. Predicting the development of pure beech forests was fairly accurate, the root mean square error RMSE for G was 2,35 m2 /ha for unmanaged, and 3,42 m2 /ha and 4,35 m2 /ha for managed stands considering only harvesting or entire mortality, respectively. We cannot claim the same for the development of pure spruce stands. Measures of accuracy were significantly worse, the RMSE was 8,94 m2 /ha for unmanaged stands, and 6,13 m2 /ha and 6,11 m2 /ha for managed stands considering only harvesting or entire mortality, respectively. The SiWaWa model, parameterized for Swiss forests, seems to be applicable for simulating the development of pure beech forests without or with simulated fellings, but the model does not yet provide reliable simulations for pure spruce stands model razvoja gozdov gozdni sestoj gozdna inventura simulacije razvoja gozdov sestojna temeljnica število dreves srednje temeljnični premer forest development model forest stand forest inventory forest development simulations stand basal area number of trees mean quadratic diameter European beech Norway spruce true false true Slovenski jezik Ni določen Delo ni kategorizirano 2021-03-08 10:47:13 2021-03-08 10:57:11 2022-08-19 03:36:20 0000-00-00 00:00:00 2021 0 2021 str. 3-20 št. 1 Letn. 79 2021 0000-00-00 Zaloznikova Objavljeno NiDoloceno 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 0000-00-00 630*22 0017-2723 54039299 3736834 GV_1_2021_KlopcicM.pdf GV_1_2021_KlopcicM.pdf 1 3CC32FCA9F23BB68C66306417B9B7B45 9774cde0b1b26f979bb5e8780a8d2e58a300356613cae11fed9b4eb6f4470bbb 737960e4-17b6-11ed-b6b8-001a4af901a5 https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=16779 Zveza gozdarskih društev Slovenije Gozdarski vestnik 0 0 0