Cold urticaria : what we know and what we do not know
Cold urticaria (ColdU) is a common form of chronic inducible urticaria characterised by the development of wheals, angioedema or both in response to cold exposure. Recent research and guideline updates have advanced our understanding and management of ColdU. Today, its pathophysiology is thought to involve the cold-induced formation of autoallergens and IgE to these autoallergens, which provoke a release of proinflammatory mediators from skin mast cells. The classification of ColdU includes typical and atypical subtypes. We know that cold-induced wheals usually develop on rewarming and resolve within an hour and that anaphylaxis can occur. The diagnosis relies on the patient's history and cold stimulation testing. Additional diagnostic work-up, including a search for underlying infections, should only be done if indicated by the patient's history. The management of ColdU includes cold avoidance, the regular use of nonsedating antihistamines, and the off-label use of omalizumab. However, many questions regarding ColdU remain unanswered. Here, we review what is known about ColdU, and we present important unanswered questions on the epidemiology, underlying pathomechanisms, clinical heterogeneity and treatment outcomes. Our aim is to guide future efforts that will close these knowledge gaps and advance the management of ColdU.
2020
2020-12-14 09:34:10
1033
urticaria, cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes, cold-induced urticaria, familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome, cold stimulation testing, wheals, cryoglobulinemic vasculitis, cryoglobulins
urtikarija, periodični vročinski sindrom, povezan s kriopirino, murtikarija zaradi mraza, družinska urtikarija zaradi mraza, koprivnica, provokacijski test, izpuščaj, krioglobulinemični vaskulitis, krioglobulini
Natalya
Maltseva
70
Elena
Borzova
70
Daria
Fomina
70
Mojca
Bizjak
70
Dorothea
Terhorst
70
Mitja
Košnik
70
Kanokvalai
Kulthanan
70
Raisa
Meshkova
70
Simon Francis
Thomsen
70
Marcus
Maurer
70
UDK
4
616-097
ISSN pri članku
9
1398-9995
DOI
15
10.1111/all.14674
COBISS_ID
3
41305859
OceCobissID
13
515009305
0
Izvorni URL
2020-12-14 09:34:13