Effects of airborne-particle abrasion and zirconia composition on porcelain–zirconia bond strengthAntanasova, Maja (Avtor) Malgaj, Tine (Avtor) Drev, Sandra (Avtor) Vukšić, Milan (Avtor) Jevnikar, Peter (Avtor) Kocjan, Andraž (Avtor) airborne-particle abrasionYttria-stabilized zirconia (Y-TZP)zirconia-based ceramicsPorcelain chipping in zirconia-based dental restorations remains a major clinical complication. This study evaluated the effects of airborne-particle abrasion (APA) and yttria content in zirconia on porcelain–zirconia bond strength. Six groups were tested: low-translucency (3Y-TZP) and high-translucency zirconia (4Y-TZP), each with or without APA, and APA-treated Co–Cr and Ti–6Al–4V alloys as metal–ceramic references. Bond strength was assessed using the Schwickerath test. Interfacial structure and mechanical properties were analyzed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy and nanoindentation. APA significantly increased zirconia surface roughness but did not improve bond strength. Zirconia composition had no effect on porcelain bonding. Bond strength values for porcelain-zirconia (34.0–40.6 MPa) were comparable to those of metal–ceramic systems, lower than Co–Cr (45.5 MPa) but similar to Ti–6Al–4V (37.3 MPa). Microscopy and nanoindentation revealed sharp zirconia–porcelain interfaces with pronounced mechanical mismatch and yttrium segregation at grain boundaries.Elsevier20262026-05-19 13:59:01Neznano29441Nizozemskasl© 2026 The Authors.