Improved thermal stability of dielectric properties and energy storage properties of lead-free relaxor ▫$Ba_{(1-x)}La_xTi_{0.89}Sn_{0.11}O_3$▫ ceramicsKhardazi, Said (Avtor) Novak, Nikola (Avtor) Kutnjak, Zdravko (Avtor) Rožič, Brigita (Avtor) Luk'yanchuk, Igor A. (Avtor) solid-stateperovskite structureferroelectricsEnvironmentally friendly perovskite ceramics Ba(1-x)LaxTi0.89Sn0.11O3 with x = 0, 0.015, 0.025, and 0.035 (BLTSnx) were synthesized by solid-state reaction method. The enhanced energy storage properties were studied across the ferroelectric relaxor conversion. The pure perovskite structure of all prepared samples was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and the Raman spectroscopy technique. Scanning electron microscopy micrographs show a drastic decrease in the grain size in La-doped ceramics. Furthermore, the doped samples exhibit smeared phase transition and frequency dispersion in dielectric permittivity, typical for relaxors. The P-E hysteresis loops become thin with the increase of the La-doping, demonstrating the ferroelectric-relaxor phase conversion. The improved recovered energy density and the energy storage efficiency of 158.8 mJ/cm3 and 82.73 % were observed in the BLTSn2.5 sample at room temperature, respectively. These properties indicate that environmentally friendly BLTSn2.5 is a viable candidate for energy-storage capacitor applications near room temperature.Elsevier20252025-08-01 10:25:10Neznano23139Nizozemskasl© 2025 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l.