Treatment patterns, testing practices, and outcomes in the pre-FLAURA era for patients with EGFR mutation-positive advanced NSCLC : a retrospective chart review (REFLECT)Addeo, Alfredo (Avtor) Hochmair, Maximilian J (Avtor) Janžič, Urška (Avtor) Dudnik, Elizabeth (Avtor) Charpidou, Andriani (Avtor) Płużański, Adam (Avtor) Ciuleanu, Tudor (Avtor) Shterev Donev, Ivan (Avtor) Elbaz, Judith (Avtor) Aarøe, Jørgen (Avtor) Ott, René (Avtor) Peled, Nir (Avtor) non-small cell lung carcinomaimmunotherapyadvanced non-small cell lung cancerreal-world dataEuropeCentral EuropeEastern EuropeBackground. Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) recently became the standard treatment for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we present the first results of a real-world observational study on the effectiveness of ICI monotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC treated at a single academic center in a Central and Eastern European (CEE) country. Materials and methods. Overall, 66 consecutive patients with advanced NSCLC treated with ICIs in everyday clinical practice, either with first-line pembrolizumab (26 patients) or second-line atezolizumab, nivolumab, or pembrolizumab (40 patients), from August 2015 to November 2018, were included. All data were retrieved from a hospital lung cancer registry, in which the data is collected prospectively. Results. Included patients had a median age of 64 years, most were male (55%), 6% were in performance status >/=2, and 18% had controlled central nervous system metastases at baseline. In first-line, the median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 9.3 months, while the median overall survival (mOS) was not reached. The 1-year overall survival (OS) was 62%. In second-line, the mPFS and mOS were 3.5 months and 9.9 months, respectively, with a 1-year OS of 35%. In the overall population, adverse events of any grade were recorded in 79% of patients and of severe grade (3-4) in 12% of patients. Conclusion. The first real-world outcomes of NSCLC immunotherapy from a CEE country suggest comparable effectiveness to those observed in clinical trials and other real-world series, mainly coming from North America and Western European countries. Further data to inform on the real-world effectiveness of immunotherapy worldwide are needed.Sage20212021-12-15 14:29:41Neznano14664slEurope; Europe, Eastern; Evropa; Vzhodna Evropa; © The Author(s), 2021