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31.
PCR primers comparisons for a successful Tuber spp. DNA region amplification in routine identifications
Tina Unuk Nahberger, Hojka Kraigher, Tine Grebenc, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Since late 20th century DNA sequencing became the method of choice method in precision species identification. The ITS region is one of the official fungal barcoding DNA markers, although in some cases sequencing of the ITS re-gion may, due to misidentification, mislabeling or nomen-clature errors in public databases, lead to incorrect or insuf-ficient identification, as is currently a case in the genus Tu b e r. The aim of this study was to test, which ITS primer pairs are most appropriate and optimal for Tu b e r species DNA region amplification. Thereby we (1) compared ampli-fication success for different Tu b e r species using fungal spe-cific primer pair ITS1f and ITS4 and (2) compared amplifi-cation success using different ITS primer pair combinations in amplifying DNA region an example species Tuber aesti-vum. Based on results, Tuber aestivum was one of the most reluctant Tu b e r species in this study and in most cases failed to amplify with the above primer pair. After comparing dif-ferent ITS primer pairs, we conclude that the primer pair ITS5 and ITS7 is the most appropriate primer pair for ampli-fication DNA region of T. ae stiv um as it resulted in high am-plification success from ectomycorrhizal root tips. Based on sequences, gained from public databases, we found that ITS1f and ITS6 primers have a mismatch in one base pair compared to the target sequence of Tuber aestivum, thus re-sulting in poor or no amplification success. Although prim-er pair ITS5 and ITS7 in our study was proven to be the most appropriate primer pair in amplifying DNA region Tu b e r aestivum species, further analysis about appropriateness of it for a general barcoding and identification of ectomycorrhiza in complex community samples is needed.
Ključne besede: Tuber spp., ITS region, PCR amplification, ITS primers
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 30.07.2020; Ogledov: 1577; Prenosov: 1164
.pdf Celotno besedilo (6,81 MB)
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32.
Hypogeous fungi (truffles) diversity and cultivation at the upper timber line
Tine Grebenc, J. Wei, Tina Unuk Nahberger, Marcelo Aloisio Sulzbacher, Sana Jabeen, Abdul N. Khalid, Mitko Karadelev, 2019, objavljeni povzetek znanstvenega prispevka na konferenci

Ključne besede: hypogeous fungi, upper timer line, diversity, economic evaluation
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 27.05.2020; Ogledov: 1724; Prenosov: 837
.pdf Celotno besedilo (153,45 KB)
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33.
Diversity trapped in cages : revision of Blumenavia Möller (Clathraceae, Basidiomycota) reveals three hidden species
Gislaine C. S. Melanda, Renato J. Ferreira, Ana C. M. Rodrigues, Tiara S. Cabral, Gilberto Coelho, Marcelo Aloisio Sulzbacher, Vagner G. Cortez, Tine Grebenc, María P. Martín, I. G. Baseia, 2020, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Basidiomata of Phallales have a diversified morphology with adhesive gleba that exudes an odor, usually unpleasant that attracts mainly insects, which disperse the basidiospores. The genus Blumenavia belongs to the family Clathraceae and, based on morphological features, only two species are currently recognized: B. rhacodes and B. angolensis. However, the morphological characters adopted in species delimitations within this genus are inconsistent, and molecular data are scarce. The present study aimed to review and identify informative characters that contribute to the delimitation of Blumenavia species. Exsiccates from America and Africa were analyzed morphologically, and molecularly, using ITS, LSU, ATP6, RPB2 and TEF-1% markers for Maximum Parsimony, Bayesian and Maximum likelihood analyses, and also for coalescent based species delimitations (BP&P), as well as for bPTP, PhyloMap, Topo-phylogenetic and Geophylogenetic reconstructions. According to our studies, seven species can be considered in the genus: B. rhacodes and B. angolensis are maintained, B. usambarensis and B. toribiotalpaensis are reassessed, and three new species are proposed, B. baturitensis Melanda, M.P. Martín & Baseia, sp. nov., B. crucis-hellenicae G. Coelho, Sulzbacher, Grebenc & Cortez, sp. nov., and B. heroica Melanda, Baseia & M.P. Martín, sp. nov. Blumenavia rhacodes is typified by selecting a lectotype and an epitype. Macromorphological characters considered informative to segregate and delimit the species through integrative taxonomy include length of the basidiomata, color, width and presence of grooves on each arm as well as the glebifer position and shape. These must be clearly observed while the basidiomata are still fresh. Since most materials are usually analyzed after dehydration and deposit in collections, field techniques and protocols to describe fugacious characters from fresh specimen are demanded, as well as the use of molecular analysis, in order to better assess recognition and delimitation of species in Blumenavia.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 27.05.2020; Ogledov: 1725; Prenosov: 1747
.pdf Celotno besedilo (6,43 MB)
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34.
Root-associated fungal communities from two phenologically contrasting Silver Fir (Abies alba Mill.) groups of trees
Tina Unuk Nahberger, Tijana Martinović, Domen Finžgar, Nataša Šibanc, Tine Grebenc, Hojka Kraigher, 2019, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Root-associated fungal communities are important components in ecosystem processes, impacting plant growth and vigor by influencing the quality, direction, and flow of nutrients and water between plants and fungi. Linkages of plant phenological characteristics with belowground root-associated fungal communities have rarely been investigated, and thus our aim was to search for an interplay between contrasting phenology of host ectomycorrhizal trees from the same location and root-associated fungal communities (ectomycorrhizal, endophytic, saprotrophic and pathogenic rootassociated fungi) in young and in adult silver fir trees. The study was performed in a managed silver fir forest site. Twenty-four soil samples collected under two phenologically contrasting silver fir groups were analyzed for differences in rootassociated fungal communities using Illumina sequencing of a total root-associated fungal community. Significant differences in beta diversity and in mean alpha diversity were confirmed for overall community of ectomycorrhizal root-associated fungi, whereas for ecologically different non-ectomycorrhizal root-associated fungal communities the differences were significant only for beta diversity and not for mean alpha diversity. At genus level root-associated fungal communities differed significantly between early and late flushing young and adult silver fir trees. We discuss the interactions through which the phenology of host plants either drives or is driven by the root-associated fungal communities in conditions of a sustainably co-naturally managed silver fir forest.
Ključne besede: host phenology, stand age, root-associated fungi, silver fir, fungal community
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 20.02.2020; Ogledov: 1921; Prenosov: 1380
.docx Celotno besedilo (663,43 KB)
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35.
Different belowground responses to elevated ozone and soil water deficit in three European oak species (Quercus ilex, Q. pubescens and Q. robur)
Tanja Mrak, Ines Štraus, Tine Grebenc, Jožica Gričar, Yasutomo Hoshika, Giulia Carriero, Elena Paoletti, Hojka Kraigher, 2019, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Effects on roots due to ozone and/or soil water deficit often occur through diminished belowground allocation of carbon. Responses of root biomass, morphology, anatomy and ectomycorrhizal communities were investigated in seedlings of three oak species: Quercus ilex L., Q. pubescens Willd. and Q. robur L., exposed to combined effects of elevated ozone (ambient air and 1.4 x ambient air) and water deficit (100% and 10% irrigation relative to field capacity) for one growing season at a free-air ozone exposure facility. Effects on root biomass were observed as general reduction in coarse root biomass by -26.8 % and in fine root biomass by -13.1 % due to water deficit. Effect on coarse root biomass was the most prominent in Q. robur (-36.3 %). Root morphological changes manifested as changes in proportions of fine root (<2 mm) diameter classes due to ozone and water deficit in Q. pubescens and due to water deficit in Q. robur. In addition, reduced fine root diameter (-8.49 %) in Q. robur was observed under water deficit. Changes in root anatomy were observed as increased vessel density (+18.5 %) due to ozone in all three species, as reduced vessel tangential diameter (-46.7 %) in Q. ilex due to interaction of ozone and water, and as generally increased bark to secondary xylem ratio (+47.0 %) due to interaction of ozone and water. Water deficit influenced occurrence of distinct growth ring boundaries in roots of Q. ilex and Q. robur. It shifted the ectomycorrhizal community towards dominance of stress-resistant species, with reduced relative abundance of Tomentella sp. 2 and increased relative abundances of Sphaerosporella brunnea and Thelephora sp. Our results provide evidence that expression of stress effects varies between root traits; therefore the combined analysis of root traits is necessary to obtain a complete picture of belowground responses.
Ključne besede: ozone, drought, fine roots, ectomycorrhiza, anatomy, morphology, plants
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 20.02.2020; Ogledov: 1943; Prenosov: 1279
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,03 MB)
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36.
Fungos ectomicorrízicos em plantações de nogueira-pecã e o potencial da truficultura no Brasil
Marcelo Aloisio Sulzbacher, Jonas Janner Hamann, Diniz Fronza, Rodrigo Josemar Seminoti Jacques, Admir Jose Giachini, Tine Grebenc, Zaida Ines Antoniolli, 2019, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Os estudos envolvendo a nogueira-pecã têm evoluído consideravelmente nos últimos anos no Brasil. Esta cultura foi introduzida no país no início do século passado e tornou-se importante comercialmente após os anos de 1960, principalmente na região sul. A nogueira-pecã é comprovadamente um simbionte, formando diversas associações mutualísticas com fungos ectomicorrízicos do solo. Assim, a presente revisão tem como objetivos apresentar os estudos sobre os fungos ectomicorrízicos em plantações comerciais de nogueirapecã no Brasil, destacar a importância agrícola e ambiental desta simbiose, e o potencial da micorrização controlada da nogueira-pecã, visando à produção de espécies desejadas de trufas, notadamente do gênero Tuber, em pomares comerciais, uma atividade econômica de alta rentabilidade.
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 25.07.2019; Ogledov: 1866; Prenosov: 811
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37.
Ectomycorrhizae of Norway spruce from its southernmost natural distribution range in Serbia
Marina Katanić, Saša Orlović, Tine Grebenc, Marko Bajc, Saša Pekeč, Milan Drekić, Hojka Kraigher, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) reaches its southernmost limit in the mountainous regions of south Serbia and Bulgaria. The species is a regionally important timber species for the wood industry and a significant host for various ectomycorrhizal fungi, including edible species. We analysed ectomycorrhizal community and fine root parameters of high continental / subalpine Norway spruce stands at three sites (Stara planina, Kopaonik, Tara) located in protected areas in Serbia. In addition, we assessed the potential effects of altitude and growing season on the ectomycorrhizal diversity and fine root parameters. Using standardised sampling in combination with morpho-anatomical and molecular identification of ectomycorrhizae, we recorded 29 different anatomorphotypes. None of the identified fungi belonged to commercial edible fungal species. Compared to other Norway spruce ectomycorrhiza studies in central Europe, sites in Serbia exhibited lower species diversity and different dominant species composition, with Cenococcum spp. and Russula spp. as the dominant ectomycorrhizal fungi. A number of ectomycorrhizal types and the value of the species richness index differed between Stara planina and Tara in the autumn, but the influence of site and season on the studied diversity indices was not significant. The total number of fine roots increased in the spring, while percentage of vital ectomycorrhizal root tips increased in the autumn. This study was the first examination of Norway spruce ectomycorrhizal communities at the edge of the natural geographical range of the species.
Ključne besede: ectomycorrhiza, Picea abies Karst, community structure, fine roots
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 22.01.2019; Ogledov: 2624; Prenosov: 1554
.pdf Celotno besedilo (553,32 KB)
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38.
7th Slovenian Symposium on Plant Biology with International Participation, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, September 17-18, 2018, Ljubljana, Slovenia
2018, druge monografije in druga zaključena dela

Povzetek: Publikacija je zbirka povzetkov predavanj in posterskih predstavitev v okviru simpozija
Ključne besede: rastline, sistemska biologija, molekularna biologija, rastlinska ekologija, interakcije, rastlinska biotehnologija, zborniki, povzetki, elektronske knjige
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 25.09.2018; Ogledov: 4862; Prenosov: 1865
.pdf Celotno besedilo (2,33 MB)
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39.
Tipi ektomikorize pri sadikah bukve (Fagus sylvatica L.) v rizotronih
Ines Štraus, Marko Bajc, Tine Grebenc, Boštjan Mali, Hojka Kraigher, 2011, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Naravni procesi ali dejavnost človeka vplivajo na razmere v okolju, kar se zrcali v sestavi ektomikoriznih združb. V raziskavi smo želeli ugotavljati morebitne vplive več temperaturnih režimov zraka in tal (substrata) na pojavljanje in vrstno pestrost tipov ektomikorize na koreninskih vršičkih sadik bukve in v substratu. V ta namen smo analizirali pojavljanje tipov ektomikorize na sadikah bukve v rizotronih, izpostavljenih štirim temperaturnim razmeram v okolju: 1.) zrak 15-25 °C; 2.) zrak 15-25 °C v kombinaciji s hlajenim koreninskim sistemom za 5 °C; 3.) povišana temperatura zraka od 30-50 °C in 4.) zunanja (ambientalna) temperatura zraka v Ljubljani. Tipe ektomikorize smo identificirali s kombiniranim pristopom po anatomsko morfoloških znakih in z analizo molekularnih markerjev (ITS1-5.8S rDNK-ITS2 ribosomalna regija v rDNK). Na 51 koreninskih vršičkih 40 sadik smo identificirali 6 tipov ektomikorize. Pestrost ektomikoriznih tipov je bila največja pri razmerah blizu optimalnih za rast bukve. Po vrstni sestavi združbe ektomikoriznih gliv sta si najbolj podobna poskusa s temperaturo zraka15-25 °C z ali brez hlajenja koreninskega sistema. Najpogostejša ektomikorizna vrsta je bila Hebeloma sacchariolens, ki je bila tudi najpogosteje opažena vrsta na drobnih koreninah odmrlih sadik. Izbrane vrste ektomikoriznih gliv smo z metodo DGGE dokazali tudi v vseh analiziranih vzorcih substrata.
Ključne besede: sadike bukve, ektomikoriza, temperatura zraka, temperatura substrata, molekularni markerji, filogenija
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 4763; Prenosov: 1965
.pdf Celotno besedilo (1,11 MB)

40.
Interakcije v mikorizosferi določajo dinamiko ogljika v ekosistemu bukovih gozdov
Tine Grebenc, Hojka Kraigher, 2009, izvirni znanstveni članek

Povzetek: Zaloga ogljika v gozdnih tleh je največji bazen terestičnih zalog organskega ogljika, njegova dinamika pa je vezana na talne, predvsem simbiontske organizme. Med najpomembnejše simbionte v gozdnih tleh, tako po vrstni kot funkcionalni pestrosti, sodijo ektomikorizne glive. V gozdnih ekosistemih v Sloveniji, v katerih prevladuje bukev, smo na osnovi morfoloških in molekularnih znakov identificirali večje število mikoriznih gliv in nekatere nove na kratko opisali. Na osnovi številčnosti posameznega tipa ektomikorize smo prvič izračunali prispevek tipa (vrste glive) ektomikorize k neposrednemu skladiščenju ogljika v ektomikorizi in v tleh v zgornjih plasteh tal (do globine 20 cm). Podatke o ogljiku, shranjenem v ektomikorizi, smo primerjali z modeliranimi količinami celotnega ogljika v gozdnih tleh, shematsko prikazali povezave in tokove ogljika ter pomen ektomikorize za dinamiko ogljika v gozdnih ekosistemih z bukvijo.
Ključne besede: gozdna tla, bukev, Fagus sylvatica L., ektomikoriza, vrstna pestrost ektomikorize, funkcionalna pestrost ektomikorize, dinamika ogljika, ogljik v ektomikorizi
Objavljeno v DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Ogledov: 4403; Prenosov: 1893
.pdf Celotno besedilo (654,33 KB)

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