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Query: "keywords" (malignant mesothelioma) .

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1.
P14/ARF-positive malignant pleural mesothelioma : ǂa ǂphenotype with distinct immune microenvironment
Federica Pezzuto, Francesca Lunardi, Luca Vedovelli, Francesco Fortarezza, Loredana Urso, Federica Grosso, Giovanni Luca Ceresoli, Izidor Kern, Gregor Vlačić, Fiorella Calabrese, 2022, original scientific article

Abstract: Introduction: The CDKN2A gene plays a central role in the pathogenesis of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). The gene encodes for two tumor suppressor proteins, p16/INK4A and p14/ARF, frequently lost in MPM tumors. The exact role of p14/ARF in MPM and overall its correlation with the immune microenvironment is unknown. We aimed to determine whether there is a relationship between p14/ARF expression, tumor morphological features, and the inflammatory tumor microenvironment. Methods: Diagnostic biopsies from 76 chemo-naive MPMs were evaluated. Pathological assessments of histotype, necrosis, inflammation, grading, and mitosis were performed. We evaluated p14/ARF, PD-L1 (tumor proportion score, TPS), and Ki-67 (percentage) by immunohistochemistry. Inflammatory cell components (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T lymphocytes; CD20+ B-lymphocytes; CD68+ and CD163+ macrophages) were quantified as percentages of positive cells, distinguishing between intratumoral and peritumoral areas. The expression of p14/ARF was associated with several clinical and pathological characteristics. A random forest-based machine-learning algorithm (Boruta) was implemented to identify which variables were associated with p14/ARF expression. Results: p14/ARF was evaluated in 68 patients who had a sufficient number of tumor cells. Strong positivity was detected in 14 patients (21%) (11 epithelioid and 3 biphasic MPMs). At univariate analysis, p14/ARF-positive epithelioid mesotheliomas showed higher nuclear grade (G3) (p = 0.023) and higher PD-L1 expression (≥50%) (p = 0.042). The percentages of CD4 and CD163 in peritumoral areas were respectively higher and lower in p14/ARF positive tumors but did not reach statistical significance with our sample size (both p = 0.066). The Boruta algorithm confirmed the predictive value of PD-L1 percentage for p14/ARF expression in all histotypes. Conclusions: p14/ARF-positive epithelioid mesotheliomas may mark a more aggressive pathological phenotype (higher nuclear grade and PD-L1 expression). Considering the results regarding the tumor immune microenvironment, p14/ARF-negative tumors seem to have an immune microenvironment less sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitors, being associated with low PD-L1 and CD4 expression, and high CD163 percentage. The association between p14/ARF-positive MPMs and PD-L1 expression suggests a possible interaction of the two pathways. Confirmation of our preliminary results could be important for patient selection and recruitment in future clinical trials with anticancer immunotherapy.
Keywords: lung -- cytology -- pathology, neoplasms, malignant mesothelioma, malignant pleural mesothelioma, tumor microenvironment
Published in DiRROS: 30.05.2022; Views: 758; Downloads: 492
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2.
Reproducibility of malignant pleural mesothelioma histopathologic subtyping
Luka Brčić, Gregor Vlačić, Franz Quehenberger, Izidor Kern, 2018, original scientific article

Abstract: Context. Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare tumor with poor prognosis. Several studies have analyzed potential prognostic markers, but histologic type remains the single most important prognostic factor. Histologic subtypes of epithelioid MPM seem to have prognostic and therapeutic implications. Interobserver agreement in histologic pattern classification should be high. Objective. To assess interobserver and intraobserver reproducibility in histologic differentiation between the main types of MPMs, and in further subtyping of epithelioid-type mesothelioma. Design. One representative hematoxylin-eosin-stained slide was selected from the archive for each of 200 patients with MPM. They were reviewed independently by 3 pathologists and classified according to the current World Health Organization classification of pleural tumors. After the first round of evaluations, a consensus meeting was organized where problems were addressed and representative images for each histologic category were selected. Two months later, cases were reevaluated by all 3 pathologists. Results. After the first round, overall interobserver agreement for histologic subtyping of mesothelioma was fair (k, 0.36). The agreement was increased to substantial (k, 0.63) in the second round. Improvement was found in interobserver agreement for all types of MPM, and for most epithelioid subtypes. Conclusions. Moderate to substantial agreement in histologic typing and subtyping of MPM can be achieved. However, training with additional clarification of diagnostic criteria, their strict application, and help from consensus-based illustrative images is needed.
Keywords: connective and soft tissue neoplasms -- pathology, malignant pleural mesothelioma, histopathology
Published in DiRROS: 30.11.2020; Views: 5877; Downloads: 429
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3.
Expression of FGFR1-4 in malignant pleural mesothelioma tissue and corresponding cell lines and its relationship to patient survival and FGFR inhibitor sensitivity
Gregor Vlačić, Mir Alireza Hoda, Thomas Klikovits, Katharina Sinn, Elisabeth Gschwandtner, Katja Mohorčič, Karin Schelch, Christine Pirker, Barbara Peter-Vörösmarty, Jelena Brankovic, Tanja Čufer, Aleš Rozman, Izidor Kern, 2019, original scientific article

Abstract: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a devastating malignancy with limited therapeutic options. Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFR) and their ligands were shown to contribute to MPM aggressiveness and it was suggested that subgroups of MPM patients could benefit from FGFR-targeted inhibitors. In the current investigation, we determined the expression of all four FGFRs (FGFR1-FGFR4) by immunohistochemistry in tissue samples from 94 MPM patients. From 13 of these patients, we were able to establish stable cell lines, which were subjected to FGFR1-4 staining, transcript analysis by quantitative RT-PCR, and treatment with the FGFR inhibitor infigratinib. While FGFR1 and FGFR2 were widely expressed in MPM tissue and cell lines, FGFR3 and FGFR4 showed more restricted expression. FGFR1 and FGFR2 showed no correlation with clinicopathologic data or patient survival, but presence of FGFR3 in 42% and of FGFR4 in 7% of patients correlated with shorter overall survival. Immunostaining in cell lines was more homogenous than in the corresponding tissue samples. Neither transcript nor protein expression of FGFR1-4 correlated with response to infigratinib treatment in MPM cell lines. We conclude that FGFR3 and FGFR4, but not FGFR1 or FGFR2, have prognostic significance in MPM and that FGFR expression is not suffcient to predict FGFR inhibitor response in MPM cell lines.
Keywords: malignant pleural mesothelioma, fibroblast growth factor receptors, azbestos, immunotherapy, chemotherapy, genomic analysis, infigratinib
Published in DiRROS: 07.10.2020; Views: 12062; Downloads: 997
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4.
Comparative analysis of prognostic histopathologic parameters in subtypes of epithelioid pleural mesothelioma
Agnes Bilecz, Paul Stockhammer, Dirk Theegarten, Izidor Kern, Marko Jakopović, Miroslav Samaržija, Thomas Klikovits, Mir Alireza Hoda, Balazs Dome, Felicitas Oberndorfer, 2020, original scientific article

Abstract: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare malignancy with a dismal prognosis. While the epithelioid type is associated with a more favourable outcome, additional factors are needed to further stratify prognosis and to identify patients who can benefit from multimodal treatment. As epithelioid MPM shows remarkable morphological variability, the prognostic role of the five defined morphologies, the impact of the nuclear grading system and the mitosis-necrosis score were investigated in this study. Methods and results: Tumour specimens of 192 patients with epithelioid MPM from five European centres were histologically subtype d. Nuclear grading and mitosis–necrosi s score were determined and correlated with clinicopathological parameters and overall survival (OS). Digital slides of 55 independent cases from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were evaluated for external validation. Histological subtypes were collapsed into three groups based on their overlapping survival curves. The tubulopapillary/microcystic group had a significantly longer OS than the solid/trabecular group (732 days versus 397 days, P = 0.0013). Pleomorphic tumours had the shortest OS (173 days). The solid/trabecular variants showed a significant association with high nuclear grade and mitosis – necrosis score. The mitosis–necrosis score was a robust and independent prognostic factor in our patient cohort. The prognos- tic significance of all three parameters was externally validated in the TCGA cohort. Patients with tubulopapillary or microcystic tumours showed a greater improvement in OS after receiving multimodal therapy than those with solid or trabecular tumours. Conclusions: Histological subtypes of epithelioid MPM have a prognostic impact, and might help to select patients for intensive multimodal treatment approaches.
Keywords: epithelioid malignant pleural mesothelioma, histological subtypes
Published in DiRROS: 08.07.2020; Views: 1644; Downloads: 1048
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5.
Clinical significance of histologic subtyping of malignant pleural mesothelioma
Luka Brčić, Izidor Kern, 2020, review article

Abstract: Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is uncommon, but very aggressive tumor arising from the mesothelial cells of pleura, pericardium, peritoneum, and tunica vaginalis. Despite multimodality treatments 5-year survival is only 5% after the diagnosis. Histology and TNM staging system are still the best prognostic factors. Furthermore, histologic subtype of MM determines the clinical management of the patients. According to the 2015 WHO classification, MM is divided into diffuse, localized and well differentiated papillary mesothelioma. Major histologic subtypes of diffuse MM, namely epithelioid, biphasic and sarcomatoid, have different prognosis. However, in the last decade it has become evident that more detailed subclassification and histologic/cytological characterization of MM have prognostic and perhaps predictive implications. In this review, major histologic subtypes and cytological features of MM are presented and their relation with prognosis and predictive biomarkers is discussed.
Keywords: malignant mesothelioma, epithelioid malignant mesothelioma, biphasic malignant mesothelioma, sarcomatoid malignant mesothelioma
Published in DiRROS: 22.06.2020; Views: 2170; Downloads: 1168
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