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Query: "author" (Lado Kutnar) .

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71.
Invazivna tujerodna rastlinska vrsta kudzu (Pueraria montana var. lobata) je potencialna grožnja za slovenske gozdove
Janez Kermavnar, Lado Kutnar, Aleksander Marinšek, Jana Kus Veenvliet, Maarten De Groot, 2019, professional article

Abstract: Kudzu (Pueraria montana var. lobata) je invazivna tujerodna rastlinska vrsta, za katero v Sloveniji do pred nedavnim ni bilo podatkov o pojavljanju v naravi. Poleti 2018 sta bili v informacijskem sistemu Invazivke (www.invazivke.si) potrjeni prvi najdbi kudzuja pri nas v naravnem okolju. V tej podatkovni bazi se kot podpora za sistem zgodnjega obveščanja in hitrega odzivanja (ZOHO), ki se razvija v sklopu projekta LIFE ARTEMIS, zbirajo podatki o invazivnih tujerodnih vrstah pri nas. Obe nahajališči kudzuja sta v submediteranskem fitogeografskem območju Slovenije, v bližini Strunjana in v Dekanih. Namen članka je predstaviti osnovne značilnosti invazivne rastlinske vrste, ki pri nas ni dobro znana. V prispevku opozarjamo tudi na potencialne negativne vplive, ki bi jih kudzu lahko povzročil z nenadzorovanim širjenjem, predvsem v gozdnem prostoru. Na ravni EU je kudzu zaradi potencialnih škodljivih vplivov na okolje uvrščen med tiste invazivne tujerodne vrste, za katere morajo države članice sprejeti takojšnje stroge ukrepe za odstranitev oziroma preprečitev širjenja. Zgodnje obveščanje in hitro odzivanje v začetnih fazah širjenja sta ključni dejavnosti, ki bistveno pripomoreta k učinkovitemu zmanjševanju negativnih vplivov invazivnih tujerodnih vrst.
Keywords: kudzu, Pueraria montana var. lobata, invazivne tujerodne vrste, Invazivke.si, gozdovi, Slovenija
Published in DiRROS: 20.03.2019; Views: 3230; Downloads: 923
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Early responses of biodiversity indicators to various thinning treatments in mountain beech forests
Fabio Lombardi, Stefania Di Lella, Valeria Altieri, Simone Di Benedetto, Carmen Giancola, Bruno Lasserre, Lado Kutnar, Roberto Tognetti, Marco Marchetti, original scientific article

Abstract: In recent decades, the conservation of biodiversity has become one of the main areas under consideration in managing forests in an ecologically sustainable way. Forest management practices are primary drivers of diversity and may enhance or decrease forest biodiversity, according to the measures applied (thinning options). We have focused on three beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) forests across a latitudinal gradient in Italy, characterised by different structures resulting from dissimilar management. We tested the short-term effects of differently-based silvicultural intervention vs. stands where no silvicultural practices were applied on biodiversity indicators and related proxies: deadwood amounts, microhabitat density, floristic richness and life form abundance. In each study area, the occurrence of the above indicators and proxies was evaluated before and after the implementation of crop tree thinning (CTT) and thinning from below (LT) methods, comparing them with control areas where no interventions were performed. After two years, the management options resulted in different responses of the investigated parameters. The CTT increased deadwood amounts in comparison with the LT ones, while stumps increased significantly after the LT thinning. Microhabitats increased significantly where intervention was not undertaken. On the contrary, they remained unaltered after the LT treatments. CTT thinning created favourable conditions for the development of microhabitats and their proliferation in the long term. Two years after the application of the CTT thinning treatment, all forest stands demonstrated a significant increase in their floristic richness and herb layer cover. Significant differences were also found in both the frequency and cover of life forms in relation to silvicultural treatment. These findings provide a better understanding of short-term effects of silvicultural treatment useful for maintaining biodiversity in mountain beech forests.
Keywords: deadwood, microhabitats, understory vegetation, mountain forests, sustainable forest management, Italian forests
Published in DiRROS: 04.10.2018; Views: 2633; Downloads: 1725
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Problematika naravnega pomlajevanja avtohtonih drevesnih vrst v poplavnih gozdovih ob reki Muri
Aleksander Marinšek, Lado Kutnar, Danilo Belak, Boštjan Mali, 2018, original scientific article

Abstract: Obnova nižinskih poplavnih gozdov ob Muri je pomembna tako iz vidika trajnosti in gospodarjenja z gozdovi kot tudi vidika varstva narave. Problematiko naravnega pomlajevanja smo obravnavali v dveh večjih strnjenih predelih ob reki Muri, v Murski šumi in Gornji Bistrici, s skupno površino okrog 600 hektarjev. Analizirali smo pomlajevanje drevesnih vrst v različnih habitatnih tipih gozdov, ki so uvrščeni v območje Natura 2000. V habitatnem tipu 91E0* Obrečna vrbovja, jelševja in jesenovja smo ločeno obravnavali dva podtipa (belovrbovje in črnojelševje), ki se ločita po rastiščno-ekoloških in sestojnih značilnostih. Znotraj habitatnega tipa 91F0 Poplavni hrastovo-jesenovo-brestovi gozdovi vzdolž velikih rek pa smo izločili bolj vlažne, pogosteje poplavljene sestoje od manj vlažnih, ki ponekod že kažejo težnjo k habitatnemu tipu 91L0 Ilirski hrastovo-belogabrovi gozdovi. Za analizo pojavljanja drevesnih vrst v zeliščni in grmovni plasti smo uporabili metodo fitocenoloških popisov in metodo popisovanja mladja. Metodi sta dali razmeroma primerljive rezultate. Z metodo fitocenoloških popisov smo po posameznih habitatnih tipih v povprečju zajeli več drevesnih vrst kot z metodo popisovanja mladja. V vseh tipih oz. podtipih smo v zeliščni in grmovni plasti ugotovili razmeroma majhen delež nosilnih in ciljnih drevesnih vrst. Težave naravne obnove gozdov so v veliki meri posledica neustreznega gospodarjenja v preteklosti, spremembe rastiščnih in hidroloških razmer, povečane gostote divjadi in objedanja pomladka drevesnih vrst, razraščanja invazivnih tujerodnih rastlinskih vrst in zdravstvenih težav ključnih drevesnih vrst. Ugotavljamo, da razvoj vseh obravnavanih tipov gozdov praviloma ne gre v smeri naravne drevesne sestave in v smeri ugodnega stanja ohranjenosti habitatnih tipov (Natura 2000). Ciljno in čim bolj naravno drevesno sestavo v gozdovih ob Muri bomo dosegli le z aktivnim pristopom, ki bo poleg naravne obnove v veliki meri vključeval tudi umetno obnovo z rastiščem ustreznimi drevesnimi vrstami.
Keywords: poplavni gozd, nižinski gozd, naravna obnova, pomlajevanje, stanje ohranjenosti, gozdni habitatni tip, Natura 2000
Published in DiRROS: 16.04.2018; Views: 3843; Downloads: 806
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Occurrence of invasive alien plant species in the floodplain forests along the Mura River in Slovenia
Aleksander Marinšek, Lado Kutnar, original scientific article

Abstract: Background and purpose: The objectives of our study were to identify invasive alien plant species (IAS) in the main Natura 2000 forest habitat types (FHT) along the Mura River in Slovenia, and to estimate their abundance and cover. The aim of our study was to find out a) Which IAS appear in the research forests? b) What is their frequency and cover percentage? c) Whether individual IAS prosper better in some FHT than others? d) What is the correlation between the cover of IAS and the tree layer cover? Materials and methods: We analysed the fidelity of invasive plant species to individual FHT. The studied FHTs along the Mura River were the following: 91E0* (Alluvial forests with Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior), 91F0 (Riparian mixed forests of Quercus robur, Ulmus laevis and Ulmus minor, Fraxinus excelsior or Fraxinus angustifolia, along the great rivers) and 91L0 (Illyrian oak-hornbeam forests). Two forest areas of about 600 ha were studied in total. With the intention to calculate number and cover of IAS some statistical analysis was made. In addition, correlations between the abundances of the most present IAS and cover of upper tree layer were carried out. Results: In total, 15 IAS were recorded in studied FHTs. Some species, like Robinia pseudoacacia, Impatiens glandulifera, I. parviflora, Fallopia japonica (incl. F. x bohemica), Erigeron annuus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Amorpha fruticosa, Conyza canadensis and Juncus tenuis occur only in one or two FHTs, while some species can be found in all studied FHTs (e.g. Solidago sp.). We found out that the most threatened forests are those with prevailing Salix alba, Alnus glutinosa, Fraxinus angustifolia and Ulmus laevis tree species. Those are the forests of FHT 91E0 which have less dense tree canopies, grow closest to the river and on the wettest sites. We found a statistically significant higher number and cover of IAS in the FHT 91E0 and the lowest number and cover in FHT 91L0. Conclusions: Alluvial forests with Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior (FHT 91E0) along the Mura River are most prone to invasion of IAS. The increasing presence of IAS in the study areas seriously affects natural regeneration, stability, and continuity of floodplain forests in all other FHTs in the study area. At the same time the amount of IAS in these forests also depends on management measures and their intensities which accelerate light availability. Some measures and guidelines for managing of these forests with the purpose of reducing IAS impacts are suggested in this study.
Keywords: non-native plants, riparian vegetation, habitat types, conservation management, forest management
Published in DiRROS: 16.04.2018; Views: 2842; Downloads: 1494
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