Digital repository of Slovenian research organisations

Search the repository
A+ | A- | Help | SLO | ENG

Query: search in
search in
search in
search in

Options:
  Reset


Query: "author" (Katarina Čufar) .

11 - 20 / 27
First pagePrevious page123Next pageLast page
11.
Karakterizacija anatomske zgradbe in osnovnih fizikalnih lastnosti velenjskega ksilita
Željko Gorišek, Katarina Čufar, Aleš Straže, 2012, original scientific article

Abstract: Ksilit je litotip lignita, ki ga poznamo predvsem kot kurivo. Les, iz katerega je nastal, je v obdobju skoraj dveh milijonov let doživel drastične spremembe, struktura lesa pa je delno še prepoznavna. Ksilit po videzu pogosto spominja na lesne vrste s temno jedrovino. Opravili smo karakterizacijo ksilita z vidika anatomije lesa, iz katerega je nastal, raziskali njegovo ohranjenost in določili osnovne fizikalne značilnosti. Prepoznali smo osnovno tkivo iz traheid, enoredno in homocelularno trakovno tkivo, taksodioidne piknje v križnih poljih in obilico aksialnega parenhima z vključki. To nakazuje, da je ksilit nastal iz lesa golosemenk (iglavcev) iz družine Taxodiaceae (taksodijevke) ali Cupressaceae (cipresovke). Barvnometrično je ksilit v sistemu CIELab* primerljiv z jedrovino lesa ebenovine ali wengeja. Proučeni ksilit je imel gostoto v absolutno suhem stanju 1216 kg/m3, zaradi velikega volumenskega skrčka (v povprečju 28.2 %) paje bila srednja osnovna gostota samo 873 kg/m3. Celotni linearni skrčki so veliki, kar se kot posledica kaže v neugodnih kazalnikih dimenzijske stabilnosti (qT = 0.65 %/%, qR = 0.30 %/%). Nadpovprečno visoke so tudi ravnovesne vlažnosti ksilita v procesu desorpcije, sorpcijska kapaciteta v procesu adsorpcije pa je podobna kot pri lesnih vrstah z visoko gostoto. Sorpcijski model GAB se je izkazal kot primeren za izravnavo sorpcijskih podatkov.
Keywords: ksilit, anatomska zgradba, les, barva, gostota, sorpcija, krčenje, dimenzijska stabilnost
Published in DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Views: 4427; Downloads: 1893
.pdf Full text (867,20 KB)

12.
Dendrochronological dating of two violins from private collections in Slovenia
Katarina Čufar, Micha Beuting, Michael Grabner, 2010, original scientific article

Abstract: Dendrochronological analyses were made in two violins from private collectionsin Slovenia with an aim to date the wood of their resonance boards,to assess the time of their fabrication, to define the provenance of the wood, and to establish whether the labels of the instruments were original. The origin, the history and the exact age of the instruments had previously not been known. Tree-ring measurements were done on the surface of the bellies. In violin 1, it was made of one radial board, in violin 2 of two radial boards of Norway spruce (Picea abies). In violin 1, we measured 248 tree-rings and the year of the youngest ring was 1808. The dating was confirmed with more than 20 tree-ring chronologies from Austria, Germany, and Italy. The maximal value of the cross-dating parameter t-value after Hollstein(TH) was 12.4. In violin 2, we measured 141 and 137 tree-rings on each side of the belly, and the year of the youngest ring was 1640. The dating was also obtained by cross-dating with over 20 chronologies and confirmed with statistically significant TH up to 9.2. The year of the last ring in both cases corresponded with the terminus post quem, which indicated that the belly (instrument) was fabricated after the year of formation of the youngest ring. There is no evidence about the duration of seasoning and storage of the lumber, or how many tree-rings were removed when the instrumentwas manufactured. Our dendro-provenance study showed that the violin 1 most likely originated from Austria or southern Germany. The wood for the belly of the violin 2 possibly originated from Austria and the sequence significantly matched a chronology built from the instruments made by Jacob Stainer. In both instruments, the dendrochronological dating did not confirm the inscriptions on the labels on the inside of the instrument. The presented investigation was performed in 2008 and 2009 and is to our knowledge the first dendrochronological dating of music instruments in Slovenia.
Published in DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Views: 3699; Downloads: 1672
.pdf Full text (343,86 KB)

13.
Les jelke (Abies alba) kot material in tkivo dreves
Katarina Čufar, Martin Zupančič, 2009, original scientific article

Abstract: Predstavljen je pregled zgradbe, lastnosti in rabe lesa jelke (Abies alba Mill.), ki ima neobarvano jedrovino, srednjo gostoto, relativno dobre mehanske lastnosti in je uporaben za številne namene. Vrednost in uporabnost lesa zmanjšujejo predvsem slaba odpornost proti različnim škodljivcem ter pojav mokrega srca in kolesivosti. Lastnosti lesa in uporaba lesa jelke so podobne kot pri smreki (Picea abies Karst.). Jelovina ima prednost predvsem tam, kjer smola ni zaželena, kjer je zaželena odpornost na kisline in baze, ter za vodne konstrukcije. Na primeru dendrokronološko datiranega lesa iz arheoloških in zgodovinskih objektov v Sloveniji smo ugotovili, da so jelovino v preteklosti uporabljali pogosteje kot smrekovino. Dokaz za to so številne do 500 let stare konstrukcije in ostrešja zgodovinskih stavb. Na celičnem nivoju je les jelke sestavljen predvsem iz traheid in parenhimskih celic trakov. V zadnjih letih so bile v Sloveniji opravljene podrobnejše raziskave nastajanja lesa pri jelki, ki so pomembne za fiziologijo drevja in razumevanje lastnosti lesa kot materiala. Opravljenih je bilo tudi več raziskav sekundarnega floema, ki je ključnega pomena za preživetje dreves. Podajamo pregled in glavne ugotovitve teh raziskav.
Keywords: jelka, Abies alba, les, zgradba lesa, lastnosti lesa, smreka, Picea abies, dendrokronologija, nastanek lesa
Published in DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Views: 4489; Downloads: 1909
.pdf Full text (400,20 KB)

14.
Razmerje med ksilemskim in floemskim prirastkom pri jelki (Abies alba Mill.)
Luka Krže, Jožica Gričar, Katarina Čufar, 2007, original scientific article

Abstract: Pri 10 zdravih jelkah (Abies alba) smo raziskali anatomsko zgradbo floemskih branik (FB) glede na njihovo širino, razmerje med številom slojev celic v FB in v ksilemskih branikah (KB) iste sezone, razlike v številu slojev celic v FBin KB po obodu posameznega drevesa ter zvezo med širino FB in KB, nastalih vistem letu, ter širino dormantne kambijeve cone (KC). Intaktne vzorce tkiv zaraziskave smo vzeli iz živih dreves v letih 2001 in 2002 ter pripravili preparate prečnih prerezov za svetlobno mikroskopijo. Ugotovili smo zvezo med širino in anatomsko zgradbo FB. Pri ožjih FB je prevladoval rani floem, pri širših pa kasni. Pri širših FB se je v kasnem floemu lahko pojavil dodatni pasaksialnega parenhima. KB so bile 2- do 21-krat širše od FB. Širina KB je poobodu posameznega drevesa bolj variirala kot širina FB. Širina dormantne KC je bila v pozitivni zvezi s širino FB in KB.
Keywords: navadna jelka, Abies alba Mill., prirastek, ksilem, floem, kambijeva cona
Published in DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Views: 4435; Downloads: 1963
.pdf Full text (3,06 MB)

15.
Anatomija lesa za loke godal
Katarina Čufar, Blaž Demšar, Martin Zupančič, Gerald Koch, Primož Oven, 2007, original scientific article

Abstract: V goslarski delavnici "Atelje Demšar" smo dobili štiri vzorce lesa za godalne loke tujih dobaviteljev, ki so jih označili z imeni (1) pernambuk, (2) konjskomeso, (3) brazil in (4) kačji les. Les smo anatomsko preiskali ter določili vrste: (1) Guilandina echinata (pernambuk, pau brazil, brazil), (2) Manilkara bidentata (massaranduba, konjsko meso), (3) Shorea laevis (balau, bangkirai), (4) Brosimum guianense syn. Piratinera guianensis (Schlangenholz, snakewood, kačji les). Identifikacija je v treh (1, 2 in 4) od štirih primerovpotrdila lesno vrsto, kot jo je navedel dobavitelj lesa. Preiskane lesne vrste pernambuk, konjsko meso in kačji les (1, 2 in 4) iz južne Amerike imajo skupne naslednje lastnosti: fino teksturo, temno obarvano jedrovino, dekorativen videz, visoko gostoto, visoko trdnost, dobro dimenzijsko stabilnost in dobre obdelavnostne lastnosti, posebno struženje in površinsko obdelavo. Vse so zelo cenjene za godalne loke, za najboljšega pa velja les pernambuka. Les balau iz Azije ima slabše lastnosti in ni tipična lesna vrsta za loke. Razlike v zgradbi lesa preiskanih vrst so najverjetneje vzrok za razlike v kvaliteti končnega izdelka. Podajamo opis izdelave lesenega loka, opis lesnih lastnosti in pomen pravilne identifikacije in poimenovanja lesa.
Keywords: godalni lok, pernambuk, Guilandina echinata syn. Caesalpina echinata, massaranduba syn., konjsko meso, Manilkara bidentata, kačji les, Brosimum guianense syn. Piratinera guianensis, balau, Shorea laevis, anatomija lesa
Published in DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Views: 4888; Downloads: 2005
.pdf Full text (1,49 MB)

16.
Sezonska dinamika ksilogeneze in floemogeneze pri navadni jelki (Abies alba Mill.)
Jožica Gričar, Primož Oven, Katarina Čufar, 2005, original scientific article

Abstract: Preučili smo dinamiko nastajanja ksilemskega in floemskega letnega prirastnegaplašča oz. branike pri navadni jelki (Abies alba) v rastni sezoni 2003. Vzorce floema, kambija in ksilema smo vsak teden vzeli iz dveh navideznozdravih odraslih jelk. Raziskave s svetlobnim mikroskopom so pokazale, da se je na floemski strani začela diferenciacija enega do dveh slojev floemskih derivatov še pred začetkom kambijeve aktivnosti. Kambijeva delitvena aktivnost se je začela hkrati na ksilemski in floemski strani v začetku maja. Kambijeva aktivnost se je zaključila konec avgusta. Diferenciacija terminalnih traheid kasnega lesa je potekala do konca oktobra, floemskih celic pa do konca septembra. Število celic, nastalih na ksilemski strani, je bilo večje kot na floemski. Zdi se, da je bila po obodu drevesa širina ksilemske branike bolj variabilna od floemske.
Keywords: navadna jelka, Abies alba Mill., kambij, ksilem, floem, traheide, sitaste celice, diferenciacija
Published in DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Views: 4241; Downloads: 1775
.pdf Full text (822,96 KB)

17.
Odziv kambija navadne smreke (Picea abies) na ogrevanje in hlajenje debla
Jožica Gričar, Martin Zupančič, Katarina Čufar, Primož Oven, 2004, original scientific article

Abstract: Proučili smo vpliv eksperimentalnega ogrevanja in hlajenja dela debla navadne smreke (Picea abies) na kambijevo aktivnost in celično diferenciacijo. Poskusasta potekala 30 dni; ogrevanje od 29.3.2004 do 3.5.2004, hlajenje pa od14.6.2004 do 20.7.2004. Vzorce floema, kambija in ksilema smo iz dreves odvzeli vsakih 10 dni, pripravili prečne prereze tkiv in preparate opazovali ssvetlobnim mikroskopom. Lokalno ogrevanje je po 10 dneh induciralo delitveno aktivnost kambija na floemsko stran, po 20 dneh pa tudi na ksilemsko. Po 30 dneh je pri ogrevanem vzorcu nastalo do 15 celic ranega lesa. V tem času se jeredna delitvena aktivnost kambija pri kontrolnem drevesu šele začela. Odziv kambija na hlajenje debla je bil manj izrazit. Anatomskih razlik med kontrolnim in hlajenim vzorcem po 10 in 20 dneh ni bilo. Po 30 dneh je pri hlajenem vzorcu začel nastajati kasni les, pri kontrolnem drevesu pa šele prehodni rani-kasni les. S poskusom smo demonstrirali, da je mogoče pri smrekiz umetnim ogrevanjem in hlajenjem debla vplivati na ksilo- in floemogenezo.
Keywords: navadna smreka, Picea abies, kambij, celična diferenciacija, ksilem, floem, ogrevanje, hlajenje, svetlobna mikroskopija, Norway spruce, cambium, cell differentiation, xylem, phloem, heating, cooling, light microscopy
Published in DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Views: 4532; Downloads: 2006
.pdf Full text (1,85 MB)

18.
Uporaba transmisijske elektronske mikroskopije ter uv-mikrospektrofotometrije za določanje lignina v celični steni iglavcev
Jožica Gričar, Katarina Čufar, 2004, original scientific article

Abstract: Kalijev permanganat je kot reagent v transmisijski elektronski mikroskopiji (TEM) zelo uporaben za ugotavljanje prisotnosti lignina v različnih morfoloških področjih lesa. Ker je metoda le kvalitativna, je priporočljivo rezultate, ugotovljene s TEM, potrditi še s kakšno drugo kvantitativno metodo,kot je npr. UV-mikrospektrofotometrija (UMSP). Metoda UMSP je zelo primerna za določanje vsebnosti lignina in njegove porazdelitve v lesnem tkivu. V članku je predstavljena metodologija in uporabnost TEM ter UMSP pri proučevanju porazdelitve lignina v celični steni.
Keywords: UV-mikrospektrofotometrija, transmisijska elektronska mikroskopija, kalije permanganat, svetloba mikroskopija, lignin, celična stena, les, iglavci
Published in DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Views: 4250; Downloads: 1907
.pdf Full text (823,67 KB)

19.
Differentiation of last formed tracheids in wood of silver firs (Abies alba) having various cambial productivity
Jožica Gričar, Aleš Straže, Katarina Čufar, 2003, original scientific article

Abstract: To examine the state of differentiation of the last tracheids formed in wood and the duration of cambial activity, samples of wood and cambium were taken from mature silver fir (Abies alba) trees having various cambial productivity.Semi-thin cross-sections of wood sampled in July and October, 1999, were stained with toluidine blue and observed under a light microscope. In July, three different phases of current annual xylem growth ring formation were found, as a result of various cambial tree productivity. In October, the cell divisions in the cambium were completed in all investigated trees, while the process of differentiation was not entirely completed in trees with a more productive cambium. The number of undifferentiated tracheids was higher in trees having a more productive cambium. In these trees, the cambial activity and the differentiation ended later. In declining trees, the number of cells produced by the cambium was lower and the duration of cambial activity was shorter.
Keywords: navadna jelka, Abies alba, les, traheide, kambijeva aktivnost, diferenciacija, wood, silver fir, tracheids, cambial activity, differentiation
Published in DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Views: 4307; Downloads: 1963
.pdf Full text (119,73 KB)

20.
Annual cambial rhythm in Pinus halepensis and Pinus sylvestris as indicator for climate adaptation
Peter Prislan, Jožica Gričar, Martin De Luis, Klemen Novak, Edurne Martinez Del Castillo, Uwe Schmitt, Gerald Koch, Jasna Štrus, Polona Mrak, Magda Tušek-Žnidarič, Katarina Čufar, 2016, original scientific article

Abstract: To understand better the adaptation strategies of intra-annual radial growth in Pinus halepensis and Pinus sylvestris to local environmental conditions, we examined the seasonal rhythm of cambial activity and cell differentiation at tissue and cellular levels. Two contrasting sites differing in temperature and amount of precipitation were selected for each species, one typical for their growth and the other represented border climatic conditions, where the two species coexisted. Mature P. halepensis trees from Mediterranean (Spain) and sub-Mediterranean (Slovenia) sites, and P. sylvestris from sub-Mediterranean (Slovenia) and temperate (Slovenia) sites were selected. Repeated sampling was performed throughout the year and samples were prepared for examination with light and transmission electron microscopes. We hypothesized that cambial rhythm in trees growing at the sub-Mediterranean site where the two species co-exist will be similar as at typical sites for their growth. Cambium in P. halepensis at the Mediterranean site was active throughout the year and was never truly dormant, whereas at the sub-Mediterranean site it appeared to be dormant during the winter months. In contrast, cambium in P. sylvestris was clearly dormant at both sub-Mediterranean and temperate sites, although the dormant period seemed to be significantly longer at the temperate site. Thus, the hypothesis was only partly confirmed. Different cambial and cell differentiation rhythms of the two species at the site where both species co-exist and typical sites for their growth indicate their high but different adaptation strategies in terms of adjustment of radial growth to environmental heterogeneity, crucial for long-term tree performance and survival.
Keywords: Aleppo pine, Pinus halepensis, Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris, cambium, light microscopy, Mediterranean environment, temporate environment, transmission electron microscopy, xylem
Published in DiRROS: 12.07.2017; Views: 3077; Downloads: 1404
.pdf Full text (4,63 MB)
This document has many files! More...

Search done in 0.74 sec.
Back to top