20.500.12556/DiRROS-7720
Les jelke (Abies alba) kot material in tkivo dreves
Silver fir Abies alba Mill. wood as raw material and tree tissue
Predstavljen je pregled zgradbe, lastnosti in rabe lesa jelke (Abies alba Mill.), ki ima neobarvano jedrovino, srednjo gostoto, relativno dobre mehanske lastnosti in je uporaben za številne namene. Vrednost in uporabnost lesa zmanjšujejo predvsem slaba odpornost proti različnim škodljivcem ter pojav mokrega srca in kolesivosti. Lastnosti lesa in uporaba lesa jelke so podobne kot pri smreki (Picea abies Karst.). Jelovina ima prednost predvsem tam, kjer smola ni zaželena, kjer je zaželena odpornost na kisline in baze, ter za vodne konstrukcije. Na primeru dendrokronološko datiranega lesa iz arheoloških in zgodovinskih objektov v Sloveniji smo ugotovili, da so jelovino v preteklosti uporabljali pogosteje kot smrekovino. Dokaz za to so številne do 500 let stare konstrukcije in ostrešja zgodovinskih stavb. Na celičnem nivoju je les jelke sestavljen predvsem iz traheid in parenhimskih celic trakov. V zadnjih letih so bile v Sloveniji opravljene podrobnejše raziskave nastajanja lesa pri jelki, ki so pomembne za fiziologijo drevja in razumevanje lastnosti lesa kot materiala. Opravljenih je bilo tudi več raziskav sekundarnega floema, ki je ključnega pomena za preživetje dreves. Podajamo pregled in glavne ugotovitve teh raziskav.
We present the structure, properties and use of European silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) wood, which is known for its uncoloured heartwood, medium density,relatively good mechanical properties and the fact that it can be used for a great variety of products. The value and usefulness of fir wood are reduced due to low resistance against decay and deterioration, and frequent occurrence of wet heart, and ring shakes. The properties of fir wood are comparable to those of Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.). Fir is favoured where resin is not desired, where durability against acids and bases is important, and for water constructions. We present some examples of wooden constructions in archaeological or historical objects in Slovenia. The dendrochronologically dated wood was up to 500 years old. In the past centuries, fir was used more frequently than Norway spruce. On the cellular level, the wood of fir consists of tracheids and parenchyma cells. In Slovenia, several studies of wood formation have been conducted e in recent years, which are important for a better understanding of the physiology of trees and quality of wood as material. Secondary phloem, which is particularly important for the survival of trees, has been studied as well. We review some main results of such studies.
jelka
Abies alba
les
zgradba lesa
lastnosti lesa
smreka
Picea abies
dendrokronologija
nastanek lesa
true
false
true
Slovenski jezik
Ni določen
Znanstveno delo
2017-07-12 09:19:10
2017-07-12 09:19:10
2022-08-16 09:23:11
0000-00-00 00:00:00
2009
0
0
str. 55-66
Vol. 89
2009
0000-00-00
Zaloznikova
Objavljeno
NiDoloceno
0000-00-00
0000-00-00
0000-00-00
630*81+630*56:630*17(045)=163.6
0351-3114
URN:NBN:SI:doc-HGW1BZBF
2520230
6206978
RAZ_Cufar_Katarina_i2009.pdf
RAZ_Cufar_Katarina_i2009.pdf
1
5E150BAD39D80815B796EA050A1BC900
6177ea1518b52d2c518a90c1e9865cccee85371c81d8a01e860ea6e5565ef4f1
253b2c43-17b5-11ed-b6b8-001a4af901a5
20.500.12556/dirros/78b3d129-c7ed-4fc1-890e-0502c1a5369f
https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=9585
Gozdarski inštitut Slovenije
Acta Silvae et Ligni
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0
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