20.500.12556/DiRROS-14089
Cryoglobulins, cryofibrinogens, and cold agglutinins in cold urticaria : literature review, retrospective patient analysis, and observational study in 49 patients
Introduction: Cryoproteins, such as cryoglobulins, cryofibrinogens and cold agglutinins, precipitate at low temperatures or agglutinate erythrocytes and dissolve again when warmed. Their pathogenetic and diagnostic importance in cold urticaria (ColdU) is unclear. In this study, we aimed to characterize the prevalence of cryoproteins in patients with ColdU. Methods: We conducted 3 analyses: i) a systematic review and meta-analysis of published data using an adapted version of the Johanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tool for case series, ii) a retrospective analysis of 293 ColdU patients treated at our Urticaria Center of Reference and Excellence (UCARE) from 2014 to 2019, and iii) a prospective observational study, from July 2019 to July 2020, with 49 ColdU patients as defined by the EAACI/GA2LEN/EDF/UNEV consensus recommendations. Results: Our systematic review identified 14 relevant studies with a total of 1151 ColdU patients. The meta-analyses showed that 3.0% (19/628), 1.1% (4/357) and 0.7% (2/283) of patients had elevated levels of cryoglobulins, cryofibrinogens, and cold agglutinins, respectively. Our retrospective analyses showed that cryoproteins were assessed in 4.1% (12/293) of ColdU patients. None of nine ColdU patients had cryoglobulins, and one of 5 had cold agglutinins. In our prospective study, none of our patients had detectable cryoglobulins (0/48) or cryofibrinogens (0/48), but 4.3% (2/46) of patients had cold agglutinins (without any known underlying autoimmune or hematological disorder). Conclusion: Our investigation suggests that only very few ColdU patients exhibit cryoproteins and that the pathogenesis of ColdU is driven by other mechanisms, which remain to be identified and characterized in detail.
urticaria
review
observational study
retrospective studies
cold urticaria
cryoglobulins
cryofibrinogens
cold agglutinins
retrospective analysis
urtikarija
pregled literature
opazovalna študija
retrospektivne študije
urtikarija zaradi mraza
koprivnica
krioglobulini
kriofibrinogeni
hladni aglutinini
retrospektivna analiza
true
false
true
Frontiers Media SA
Angleški jezik
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© 2021 Ginter, Ahsan, Bizjak, Krause, Maurer, Altrichter and Terhorst-Molawi
Neznano
2021-05-28 11:57:14
2021-05-28 11:57:15
2022-08-19 03:38:48
0000-00-00 00:00:00
2021
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Švica
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Nasl. z nasl. zaslona;
Soavtorica iz Slovenije: Mojca Bizjak;
Opis vira z dne 14. 5. 2021;
Št. prispevka:;
str. 1-9
[Vol.] 12
2021
0000-00-00
Zaloznikova
Objavljeno
NiDoloceno
0000-00-00
0000-00-00
0000-00-00
616-097
1664-3224
10.3389/fimmu.2021.675451
63217155
RAZ_Ginter_Katharina_i2021.pdf
RAZ_Ginter_Katharina_i2021.pdf
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94c4d023-17b6-11ed-b6b8-001a4af901a5
https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=17444
RAZ_Ginter_Katharina_i2021.pdf
RAZ_Ginter_Katharina_i2021.pdf
1
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94d7da67-17b6-11ed-b6b8-001a4af901a5
https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=17445
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.675451/abstract
1
https://dirros.openscience.si/Dokument.php?lang=slv&id=17443
Univerzitetna klinika za pljučne bolezni in alergijo Golnik
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